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 brought before the privy council for examination. The assistance of counsel was refused him, and he declined to answer any questions. He remained in the custody of Ross, a king's messenger, till 19 May, when, with [q. v.], [q. v.], and three others, he was committed to the Tower on a charge of high treason, though no act was specified. On 24 Oct. the prisoners were removed to Newgate, and next day were brought up at the Old Bailey, a copy of the indictment having been previously delivered to each of them. The grand jury of Middlesex found a true bill against Joyce and his companions; but after the trials and acquittal of Hardy and Tooke, the attorney-general stated, on 23 Nov., that it was not his intention to call any evidence against the other prisoners; they were found not guilty, and released. Joyce had suffered twenty-three weeks' imprisonment, and on his acquittal received an enthusiastic welcome from Earl Stanhope and other friends who had worked hard in his defence. He was for many years afterwards secretary of the Unitarian Society, and was at the time of his death, which took place at Highgate 21 June 1810, minister of the unitarian chapel at Hampstead. He was buried in Cheshunt churchyard, and on his grave is a poetical epitaph by the Rev. William Shepherd. He left a widow and six children. Joyce was an excellent scholar, and edited and wrote many popular works on scientific subjects.

His chief works are: He also published 'Analysis of Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations,' 1797, and Paley's 'Natural Theology,' 1804; largely edited Gregory's 'Dictionary of Arts and Sciences,' 1808, and William Nicholson's 'British Encyclopaedia,' 1806-9, and wrote the meteorological reports and other papers for the 'Monthly Magazine.'
 * 1) 'A Sermon [on Mark xiv. 27], with an Appendix containing an Account of the Author's Arrest for Treasonable Practices,' &c., 1794.
 * 2) 'Scientific Dialogues,' 1807, often reprinted; a Welsh translation was published in 1851.
 * 3) 'Dialogues in Chemistry,' 1807.
 * 4) 'The Arithmetic of Real Life and Business,' 1809.
 * 5) 'Lectures on Natural and Experimental Philosophy,' 1810.
 * 6) 'Dialogues on the Microscope,' 1812.
 * 7) 'Memoir of Hugh Worthington,' 1813.



JOYCE, THOMAS (d. 1310), cardinal, [See ]

JOYE, GEORGE (d. 1553), protestant controversialist, who was occasionally known as Clarke, Geach, Gee, and Jaye, was a native of Bedfordshire. He graduated B.A. at Cambridge in 1513, was elected fellow of Peterhouse on 27 April 1517,and commenced M.A. in the same year. He held some benefice with his fellowship. In 1527 [q. v.], prior of Newnham, informed John Longhand, bishop of Lincoln, that Joy was guilty of the four heretical opinions that priests had as ' great power to bynde and to lose' as bishops or the pope; that faith is sufficient without works; that priests may marry, and t hat every layman may hear confessions. He was also charged with having derided pilgrimages to holy shrines and relics. Joye was consequently cited while still at Cambridge to appear with [q. v.] and Thomas Arthur before Wolsey ut Westminster, but he preferred to take refuge in Strasburg. There he published, on 10 June 1527, Ashwell's Latin letter toLongland,' wherein the sayde pryour accuseth George Joye &hellip; of fower opmyons &hellip; wyth the answere [in English] of the sayde George unto the same opynyons' (Brit. Mus.) Joye defended his views on scriptural grounds.

While still at Strasburg Joye published the first of his many English versions of the books of the Old Testament, all of which are now extremely rare. The series began with 'The Prophet Isaye'(10 May), 1531,12mo (Strasburgjfrom the press of BalthassarBeckeneth). Copies are in the Bodleian Library, and at the Baptist Museum, Bristol. None is in the British Museum. In 1532 Joye removed to Bergen-op-Zoom (popularly anglicised at the time as Barrow), and at Candlemas printed there'two leaves of Genesis in a great form.' He sent one copy 'to Henry VIII and another to Anne Boleyn, and with a letter to N to deliver them and get licence to go through all the Bible' (tisdale, Works, ed. Dave, p. 435). Nothing came immediately of the proposal. One of the sheets is said to have belonged to Humphrey Wanley. In May 1534 Joye removed to Antwerp, and published there'Jeremye the Prophete translated intoEnglishe,'with' the sungeof Mosesadded in the ende to magnifye our Lordc for the fall of our Pharao, the Bishop of Rome.' At Antwerp, too, Martin Emperour printed for him in the August following'David's Psalter, diligently and faithfully translated by George Joye, with breif arguments before every psalme declariuge the effecte thereof (Antwerp, 1534, 24mo). A copy is in the Cambridge University Library. Joye employed the Latin version which Martin Bucer issued under the pseudonym of Aretinus Felinus in