Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 29.djvu/390

Jewitt 2nd edition, 1878, 8vo. 17. ‘The Ceramic Art of Great Britain, being a History of the Ancient and Modern Porcelain Works of the Kingdom from Prehistoric Times,’ London, 1878 [1877], 8vo; new edition, revised [1883], 8vo. 18. ‘The Life and Works of Jacob Thompson,’ London, 1882, 4to. 19. ‘English Coins and Tokens,’ London, 1886, 8vo.

[W. H. Goss's Life of Jewitt, 1889, and the notice in the Reliquary, new ser. vol. i. 1887 (published 1888); C. R. Smith's Retrospections, ii. 80–3; Brit. Mus. Cat.]  JEWITT, THOMAS ORLANDO SHELDON (1799–1869), wood-engraver, born in Derbyshire in 1799, was second son of Arthur Jewitt [q. v.] and his wife Martha, daughter of Thomas Sheldon. Jewitt was brought up with his family at Buxton, at Kimberworth, near Rotherham, Yorkshire, and subsequently at Duffield in Derbyshire. From an early age he devoted himself to wood-engraving, practising with the rudest materials and without any instruction. In 1815 he illustrated with woodcuts a volume, ‘Wanderings of Memory,’ by his elder brother, the Rev. Arthur George Jewitt. When his father, in 1817, published the first number of the ‘Northern Star, or Yorkshire Magazine,’ Jewitt contributed, with woodcuts and other engravings from his own drawings, an account of an extended walking tour in Derbyshire, which he had taken in May of that year. He rapidly established himself as a rising artist, and became known for the excellence of his architectural and archæological drawings and woodcuts. He was employed by Mr. J. H. Parker of Oxford to illustrate the numerous architectural publications issued by him, such as the ‘Glossary of Architecture’ and ‘Memorials of Oxford.’ For this purpose he removed to Headington, near Oxford. Subsequently he left Oxford for London, where he had almost a monopoly of the special class of wood-engraving in which he excelled. He was regularly employed as an artist by the Archæological Institute. He was engaged on the illustrations to Burn's ‘Rome and the Campagna’ when he was attacked by a fatal illness. He died at Clifton Villas, Camden Square, London, on 30 May 1869.

Jewitt was an enthusiastic naturalist and botanist, and illustrated many publications of this class from his own drawings. He had many pupils. He did much work in conjunction with his younger brother, Llewellynn Frederick William Jewitt [q. v.]

 JEWSBURY, GERALDINE ENDSOR (1812–1880), novelist, born at Measham, Derbyshire, in 1812, was the younger sister of Maria Jane Jewsbury [q. v.], and the daughter of Thomas Jewsbury, who settled at Manchester about 1818 as a merchant and insurance agent. After the death of her mother, which took place soon after this removal, she was brought up by her sister Maria, whose marriage in 1832 placed the care of the household upon herself. Her father died in 1840, and she became housekeeper for her brother Frank until he married in 1853.

In 1841 she made the personal acquaintance of Thomas Carlyle and his wife. The former thought her ‘one of the most interesting young women he had seen for years, clear, delicate sense and courage looking out of her small, sylph-like figure.’ With the Carlyles she remained on terms of the closest intimacy through life. She was warmly interested in and attached to Mrs. Carlyle, and on removing to London in 1854 she settled down at Chelsea in order to be near her friend. Some of Mrs. Carlyle's most confidential letters are addressed to her. On Mrs. Carlyle's death in April 1866 Miss Jewsbury was the first of Carlyle's friends to whom he turned for sympathy. Her account of Mrs. Carlyle's early reminiscences are printed in Carlyle's ‘Reminiscences’ (, ii. 71;, i. 54).

Her brilliant conversational powers, fine humour, kindly disposition, and winning manners made her a general favourite, and at Manchester and afterwards in London she gathered round her persons of literary and artistic taste. Among her friends were Mr. W. E. Forster, with whom she visited Paris during the revolutionary excitement in May 1848. She was also familiar with Lady Morgan, Lady Llanover, Viscountess Combermere, and many others; and assisted Lady Morgan in the arrangement of her ‘Memoirs,’ which afterwards, in 1868, were edited and published by William Hepworth Dixon. It was at her suggestion that Lady Martin published her ‘Female Characters of Shakespeare.’

Her first novel, ‘Zoe, the History of Two Lives,’ appeared in 1845. In it she introduces Mirabeau as a lover of the heroine. In 1848 she published ‘The Half-Sisters,’ the dedication of which Mrs. Carlyle would have accepted but for the fear of offending her husband. In 1851 ‘Marian Withers’ came out. It was written for, and first published in, the ‘Manchester Examiner and Times,’ and was mainly descriptive of life and character in the Lancashire manufacturing district. Her next novels were ‘Constance Herbert,’ 1855, and ‘Sorrows of Gentility,’ 1856. Her last was