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  of Ornithology,’ 1849. ‘The Ichnology of Annandale, or Illustrations of Footprints impressed on the New Red Sandstone of Corncockle Muir,’ Edinburgh, 1853, fol. ‘Memoirs of ’ (his son-in-law) [q. v.], London, 1858, 8vo. ‘British Salmonidæ,’ Edinburgh, 1861, 2 parts, fol. ‘The Birds of Great Britain and Ireland, with Memoirs of Sir R. Sibbald, W. Smellie, J. Walker, and A. Wilson,’ London, 1876, 4 vols. 8vo. He also edited editions of White's ‘Selborne,’ and of H. E. Strickland's ‘Ornithological Synonyms,’ 1855.

 JARLATH or IARLAITHE (424–481), Irish saint, third archbishop of Armagh, was born at Rath-trena in the east of Ulster. His father was named Trien, and was of the Dal Fiatach, the race of Fiatach the Fair, which furnished kings to Ulster for the seven hundred years preceding the Norman invasion. He was born a pagan, was baptised in childhood, administered the last sacrament to St. Benan, and after Benan's death became archbishop of Armagh in 464. He died on 11 Feb. 481.

 JARLATH or IARLATH (fl. 540), Irish saint, was a native of Connaught, where both his father Lugh and his mother Mong-finn were well descended. In the reign of Tuathal Maolgarbh, king of Ireland 533–44, he started on a journey with the intention of founding a church and religious community in some suitable place. Before he reached the frontier of Connaught his chariot-wheels were broken, and he took the accident as a divine indication of the proper site for his church, which he built at Tuam-da-gualann. It was the first bishopric founded in Connaught, and still retains the primacy of that province. The town now known as Tuam, co. Galway, grew up around his church, and his relics were long preserved there in a chapel called Scrin. His obit is celebrated on 26 Dec., but no ancient life of him is extant.

This saint is sometimes confounded with the [q. v.], third archbishop of Armagh. Colgan is clear that they are distinct. O'Clery seems no less clear, but it is a suspicious circumstance that O'Clery derives the archbishop of Tuam from the Clan Rudhraighe, a family of Ulster closely allied, and in later times united, with the Dal Fiatach, from whom the Archbishop of Armagh was descended.

 JARMAN, FRANCES ELEANOR, subsequently (1803?–1873), actress, the daughter of John Jarman and Maria Mottershed, whose acting name before her marriage was Errington, is said to have been born in Hull in February 1803. Her mother, a member of Tate Wilkinson's company in York and an actress of merit, made her first appearance in Bath as Lady Lucretia Limber in ‘Policy,’ 10 Dec. 1814. In the same season the name of Miss Jarman appears on 23 May 1815 to the character of Edward, a child, in Mrs. Inchbald's ‘Everyone has his fault.’ Genest, who mentions Miss Jarman's name only in the cast, says ‘she acted very well.’ She had previously for her mother's benefit recited Southey's ‘Mary, the Maid of the Inn.’ Many juvenile parts, including the Duke of York, Myrtilla in the ‘Broken Sword,’ &c., succeeded. On 12 Dec. 1817 she was Bellario in ‘Philaster,’ and ‘acted very prettily,’ according to Genest, who adds that she was still very young and ‘the part was rather too much for her.’ Agnes in the ‘Orphan of the Castle’ followed on 7 Nov. 1818, Selina in the ‘Tale of Mystery’ on 12 Dec., and Betsey Blossom in the ‘Deaf Lover’ on 6 Jan. 1819. During this and following seasons she played among other parts Cicely Copsley in ‘The Will,’ Miss Neville in ‘Know your own mind,’ Juba in ‘The Prize,’ Orasmyn in ‘The Æthiop,’ Perdita, Marchesa Aldabella in ‘Fazio,’ Lady Grace in the ‘Provoked Husband,’ Jacintha in the ‘Suspicious Husband,’ Jeanie Deans, Tarquinia in ‘Brutus,’ Statira in ‘Alexander the Great’ (to the Alexander of Kean), Lady Teazle for her benefit, Geraldine in the ‘Foundling of the Forest,’ Rebecca in ‘Ivanhoe,’ Miranda, Julia in ‘The Rivals,’ Ophelia, Juliet, Louison in ‘Henri Quatre,’ Cordelia to the Lear of Young, Virginia, Mrs. Hardcastle, and Cherry in the ‘Beaux' Stratagem.’ During the season of 1820–1 she was ill, which fact, Genest says, ‘cast a damp on several plays,’ and she only recommenced to act for her and her mother's benefit on 19 March 1821, when she played Violante in ‘The Wonder’ and Fiametta in the ‘Tale of Mystery.’ In the following season she was quite recovered, and added to her repertory Amy Robsart in ‘Kenilworth,’ Sophia in the ‘Road to Ruin,’ Letitia Hardy, Julia in ‘Two Gentlemen of Verona,’ and was the original Lady Constance Dudley in Dr. Ainslie's ‘Clemenza, or the Tuscan Orphan,’ 1 June 1822. On 20 Oct. 1822 she made, under Harris of Drury Lane, as Letitia Hardy in the ‘Belle's Stratagem,’