Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 28.djvu/372

  of the late J[ohn] H[yatt] appeared in 1827, 12mo.



HYDE, ALEXANDER (1598–1667), bishop of Salisbury, born at Salisbury in 1598, was the fourth son of Sir Lawrence Hyde, knt. (the second son of Lawrence Hyde of Gussage St. Michael, Dorsetshire, who was third son of Robert Hyde of Norbury, Cheshire). His mother was Barbara Castilion of Benham, Berkshire. He was thus first cousin of (1607-1659) [q. v.], of [q.v.], and of Henry Hyde,who accompanied Charles II to the continent and was beheaded in London in 1650. At the age of twelve (1610) Alexander entered Winchester College as a scholar, and matriculated 17 Nov. 1615 at New College, Oxford, where, in 1617, he was admitted perpetual fellow, and afterwards graduated B.C.L. 24 April 1623, and D.C.L. 4 July 1632. In 1634 he was made rector of Wylye and Little Langford, Wiltshire. In May 1637 Hyde became subdean and prebendary of Salisbury Cathedral, stall of South Grantham (4 March 1638-9). Like other members of his family he was a staunch royalist, and was sequestered from his livings under the Commonwealth, but reoccupied them at the Restoration. According to tradition, supported by his epitaph (see, History of Sarum, ed. 1843, p. 459), he contributed bountifully to the repairs of the cathedral after its desecration by the soldiers of the parliament. By Clarendon's influence he was at the Restoration rewarded by the deanery of Winchester (installed 8 Aug. 1660), and on the death of [q. v.] in 1665 was promoted to the bishopric of Salisbury. He resigned the subdeanery of Salisbury in 1661, and his prebend there in 1665. His consecration took place 31 Dec. 1665 in New College Chapel, Oxford. Hyde died in London, 22 Aug. 1667, aged 69, and was buried in the south aisle of the nave of Salisbury Cathedral, beneath a black marble slab bearing a Latin inscription. His will, dated 17 July 1667, is at Doctors' Commons. His portrait in his episcopal robes is in the bishop's palace, Salisbury. By his wife, Mary, daughter of Bishop Tounson, and niece of John Davenant, bishop of Salisbury, Hyde had, besides three daughters, a son, Robert, who ultimately succeeded to the family estates.



HYDE, ANNE, (1637–1671), eldest daughter of  afterwards earl of Clarendon [q. v.] and of his second wife, Frances, was born 12 March 1637 at Cranbourne Lodge in Windsor Park which was occupied by her grandfather, Sir [q. v.], then master of requests. In May 1649 she accompanied her mother, sister, and brothers to Antwerp. In the Autumn of 1653 the Princess of Orange (Princess Royal of England) assigned to Lady Hyde and her children a residence at Breda, and in the following year Anne was appointed one of the maids of honour to the princess, apparently against the wish of her father and the Queen Henrietta Maria (cf. Life of Clarendon, i. 302-7, and Continuation of Life, 373 n;, Lives of the Princesses of England, 1855, ii. 235). At the princess's country residence of Teyling, or at the Hague, Anne was conspicuous in the court gaieties, and was the especial favourite of the light-hearted Queen of Bohemia (cf., Correspondence, 211, 225). She wrote a 'portrait' of the prince, which inspired Waller's graceful verses,' her mistress. Waller mentioned her as the `nymph' who so admirably ' described the worth' of the princess (Poems, ed. Bell, pp. 175-6; cf., Catalogue of Royal and Noble Authors, in Works, 1798, i. 467-8). As early as 1655 Charles playfully mentions Sir Spencer Compton's passion for Anne (, Correspondence, iv. 211n.) In January 1656 Anne accompanied the Princess of Orange on a visit to the princess's mother at Paris, and there she first met the Duke of York, then twenty-two years of age. Whatever relations may have then been established between them (Life of James II, i.307-8), Anne does not appear to have seen the duke again for some time afterwards (, Correspondence, iv. 323n.; Memoirs of Grammont, p. 118). But when York renewed his acquaintance with Anne at Breda he contracted an engagement of marriage with her, 24 Nov. 1659 (, Register and Chronicle, p. 246, and Life of James II, i. 387).

The return of the duke to England with the king in May 1660 materially altered the position and prospects of Anne, who now appears to have quitted the service of the Princess of Orange and to have gone back to her own family. Despite the king's original reluctance, and the violent zeal of many of his own friends and servants against the match,