Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 27.djvu/422

 :: visione Dei tractatus.'
 * 1) 'De unitat
 * 2) A French speech on the rights of the English king.
 * 3) 'In tres libros de anima.'
 * 4) 'Quæstiones quodlibetales.'



HOTON or HOGHTON, RICHARD (d. 1307), prior of Durham and probable founder of Durham College, the Oxford 'nursery' of the Benedictines of Durham, the site of which is now occupied by Trinity College, seems to have been a native of Houghton-le-Spring, Durham. Tradition, however, connects him with the family now represented by Sir Charles De Hoghton, bart., of Hoghton Towers, near Blackburn, Lancashire. Richard was subprior of Durham at the reappointment to the priorate of Hugo de Derlington (1285), by whom he was appointed prior of the cell of Lynche, but afterwards 'conventualis apud Coldingham.' Derlington is said to have disliked him, and afterwards 'odio R. de Hoton, qui juvenis graciosus erat, monachos misit Oxoniam ad studendum, et eis satis laute impensas ministrabat' (, c. xxi.). Richard, however, on becoming prior in 1289, carried on the scheme by providing the Durham students with a house at Oxford similar to that possessed by the Benedictines of St. Peter's Abbey, Gloucester, in Gloucester College. Part of the site had been acquired as early as 1286. In 1300 Hoton was deposed and imprisoned by Bishop [q. v.], for resisting his attempts to visit Durham priory, but he escaped, and going to Rome turned the tables on the bishop, who was summoned for contumacy. Hoton was reinstated by Boniface VIII in 1301, and was again suspended for similar action by Clement V, but was restored on payment of a fee of one thousand marks. He died at Rome on 9 Jan. 1307, and seems to have been remembered as a benefactor to the church of Durham.



HOTSPUR. [See, d. 1403.]

HOTTEN, JOHN CAMDEN (1832–1873), originally named, publisher, was born at 45 St. John's Square, Clerkenwell, London, on 12 Sept. 1832. His father, William Hotten of Probus, Cornwall, removed to London and became a master carpenter and undertaker in Clerkenwell. His mother was Maria Cowling of Roche, Cornwall. At the age of fourteen Hotten was placed with John Petheram, bookseller, 71 Chancery Lane, London, where he acquired a taste for rare and curious books. In 1848 he went with his brother to America, and stayed there for some years. He returned to England in 1856, and commenced business as a bookseller and publisher in a small shop, 151B Piccadilly, London. Here his literary knowledge and shrewd intelligence collected around him a large circle of acquaintances. In 1859 he produced the first edition of his 'Dictionary of Modern Slang, Cant, and Vulgar Words' (reissued in 1874). Other works bearing his imprint rapidly succeeded; in the composition of nearly all he took some part, and many he wrote entirely. His most laborious and least-known compilation, the ‘Handbook of Topography and Family History of England and Wales, being an account of 20,000 books' (1863). Hotten's steady perseverance soon placed him among the best-known publishers, and he took larger premises at 74–5 Piccadilly. In 1866 the publication of Mr. A. C. Swinburne's 'Poems and Ballads' excited a prudish remonstrance on the score of indecency, and Moxon the publisher withdrew the work from circulation. Hotten boldly offered himself as the poet's publisher, and issued the volume in dispute as well as Mr. Swinburne's reply to his critics. Hotten was the first to introduce into England the humorous works of American writers like Mr. J. R. Lowell's 'Biglow Papers' (1864); Artemus Ward, his Book' (1865); O. W. Holmes's 'Wit and Humour’' (1867 and 1872); Leland's 'Hans Breitmann's Barty and other Ballads' (1869), and Bret Harte's 'Lothaw' and 'Sensation Novels' (1871). His last work was 'Macaulay the Historian' (1873), which was published eight days after his death. He was a fellow of the Ethnological Society, and contributed weekly articles of literary news to the 'Literary Gazette' during its last year (1862); to George Godwin's short-lived 'Parthenon' (1862–3); and to the 'London Review' (1863–6). He died at 4 Maitland Park Villas, Haverstock Hill, Hampstead, on 14 June 1873, and was buried