Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 27.djvu/327

 majesty to ‘treat with Cromwell for one-half of his coat before he lost the whole.’ In May 1652 Craighall was appointed one of Cromwell's committee, consisting of five English and three Scotch judges, for the administration of justice. His brother, Sir James Hope (1614–1661) [q. v.], not himself, was a representative for Scotland in the English parliament in 1653. He died at Edinburgh on 28 April 1654, having married Margaret, daughter of Sir Archibald Murray of Blackbarony, bart., by whom he had two sons and six daughters. The elder son, Thomas, born on 11 Feb. 1633, was grandfather of Sir [q. v.], seventh baronet, with whom his line became extinct. The second son, (1639–1706), was lord of session in 1689, and lord of justiciary in 1690. He took the title of Lord Rankeillor, and was M.P. for Fifeshire from 25 April 1706 till his death on 10 Oct. following. (1725–1786) [q. v.] was his grandson. 

HOPE, JOHN (d. 1766), lieutenant-general. [See .]

HOPE, JOHN (1739–1785), miscellaneous writer, second son of Charles Hope (afterwards Hope-Vere) and grandson of, first earl of Hopetoun [q. v.], was born 7 April 1739. He was educated at the Rev. Andrew Kinross's academy at Enfield; engaged in mercantile pursuits in London, apparently with no great success; and in 1768 was chosen by the influence of his uncle, John Hope, second earl of Hopetoun [q. v.], M.P. for Linlithgowshire, in succession to his father. The earl allowed him an annuity of 400l. to defray his expenses (Letter to John Wilkes, Addit. MS. 30871, f. 132). In 1770 he was unseated on the petition of his opponent, James Dundas. He had lost favour, both with his patron and with the majority of the House of Commons, by voting for Wilkes on the question of the Middlesex election, and to this he attributed the loss of his seat. ‘It was chiefly in your cause I suffered,’ he wrote to Wilkes (manuscript letter, supra; see also, Letters, 1772). Hope died at Newcastle-on-Tyne, 21 May 1785 (Gent. Mag. 1785, ii. 665). He married, 2 June 1762, Mary, only daughter of Eliab Breton of Forty Hill, Middlesex. She committed suicide at Brockhall, Northamptonshire, 25 June 1767, and was buried at Norton. Her husband erected a monument with a rhyming epitaph to her memory in the south transept of Westminster Abbey (, Westminster Abbey, ii. 257). The three sons of this marriage, Charles (1763–1851); John, afterwards knighted (1765–1836); and William Johnstone, also afterwards knighted, are separately noticed.

Hope's writings were:
 * 1) ‘Occasional Attempts at Sentimental Poetry by a Man of Business,’ 1769.
 * 2) ‘The New Brighthelmston Guide, a sketch in miniature of the British Shore,’ 1770.
 * 3) ‘Letters on certain Proceedings in Parliament during the Sessions of the years 1769 and 1770,’ 1772.
 * 4) ‘Thoughts in Prose and Verse started in his walks,’ Stockton, 1780; published the same year at London and Edinburgh.
 * 5) ‘Letters on Credit,’ second edition, with a postscript and a short account of the bank at Amsterdam, 1784; originally contributed to the ‘Public Advertiser,’ ‘of very little value,’ observes  (Literature of Political Economy, p. 354).

In the ‘Public Advertiser,’ 16 Oct. 1771, there is a letter by Hope (one of a series of four) to Junius on the subject of pressing seamen. It is signed ‘An Advocate in the Cause of the People,’ and was answered by ‘Philo-Junius’ in letter lxii. of the collection. The ‘Gentleman's Magazine’ (supra) also credits Hope with the authorship of the ‘New Margate Guide’ (1780?). 

HOPE, JOHN (1725–1786), professor of botany in Edinburgh University, son of Robert Hope, surgeon, whose father, Lord Rankeillor [see under ], was a Scotch lord of session, was born at Edinburgh on 10 May 1725. He was educated at Dalkeith school, at Edinburgh University, and in continental medical schools. He graduated M.D. at Glasgow in 1750, and, joining the College of Physicians at Edinburgh, entered upon practice there. He chiefly devoted himself to botanical science, which he had begun under Jussieu in Paris, and in 1761 he obtained, in succession to [q. v.], the professorship of botany and materia medica at Edinburgh, being also made king's botanist for Scotland and superintendent of the royal garden at Edinburgh. After lecturing in the summer session on botany, and in the winter on materia medica, for six years, he gave up the latter course, and in 1768 received a new