Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 26.djvu/398

 torical work commemorative of the disruption from which the free church of Scotland sprang. It was entitled ‘Signing the Deed of Demission,’ and has about five hundred portraits of all the leading lay and clerical members who took part in that movement. This extensive work, begun in 1843 and completed in 1865, is now in the Free Church Assembly Hall, Edinburgh. It was the largest picture reproduced by the autotype process, and was the first in which photography was used as an aid to the artist in portraiture. On the recommendation of Sir David Brewster, Hill interested himself in the photographic experiments then being made by Robert Adamson of St. Andrews. Hill was the first to apply the new art to portraiture, and many of the calotypes of eminent men which he took are still in existence. In 1850 Hill was appointed one of the commissioners of the board of manufactures in Scotland, which has under its direction the Government School of Art and the National Gallery of Scotland. Two months before his death he resigned the secretaryship to the Academy, and was voted the full amount of his salary as a pension. He died on 17 May 1870, in the sixty-eighth year of his age, and was buried in the Dean cemetery, where his widow has placed a bronze bust, executed by herself. He was twice married, his second wife—a sister of Sir Noel Paton, R.S.A.—being Amelia Robertson Paton, the well-known sculptor, who (1891) survives. His only daughter, Chattie Hill, wife of Mr. W. Scott Dalgleish, predeceased him.

Hill did great service to art by originating the Art Union of Edinburgh, the first institution of the kind established in the kingdom. As an artist he occupied a high position in that school of Scottish landscape-painters to which Horatio McCulloch, R.S.A., belonged, and which has now few adherents. His works were admirably suited for engraving, and he is better known by reproductions through this medium than by his original pictures. 

HILL, DUDLEY ST. LEGER (1790–1851), major-general, colonel 50th foot, eldest son of Dudley Hill, a gentleman of Welsh descent, by his wife, the daughter of Colonel John Clarges, was born in co. Carlow, Ireland, in 1790. He was appointed ensign in the 82nd foot, 6 Sept. 1804, and exchanged the year after to the 95th rifles (now rifle brigade). As lieutenant he accompanied his battalion to South America in 1806, volunteered for the forlorn hope at Monte Video, and commanded the scaling party that captured the north gate of the city in February 1807. He was wounded and taken prisoner in the subsequent attempt on Buenos Ayres in June. He accompanied his battalion to Portugal in 1808, was present at Roleia, was wounded in the affair at Benevente, and present at Corunna. Returning to Portugal in 1809, he was present at the battle of Talavera, the operations on the Coa, &c. In July 1810 he was promoted to a company in the Royal West India rangers, but remained attached to the 95th until appointed to the Portuguese army. He commanded a wing of the Lusitanian legion at Busaco, September 1810, and a half battalion with some British light companies at Fuentes d'Onoro, May 1811. He commanded the 8th Portuguese caçadores at the storming of Badajoz, April 1812, at the battle of Salamanca in July, and in the Burgos retreat, where his battalion lost half its numbers at the passage of the Carrion, and where he was himself wounded and taken prisoner. He again commanded his battalion at Vittoria, and at the storming of St. Sebastian, September 1813, he headed the attack of the 5th division, and received two wounds. He was also present with it at the repulse of the sortie at Bayonne in 1814. In these campaigns he was seven times wounded. At the peace he returned with the Portuguese army to Portugal, and served there for some years. In 1820 he was holding a divisional command in the Portuguese service. He was made major in the new 95th (Derbyshire) foot in December 1823, from which he exchanged to half-pay in January 1826. In 1834 he was appointed lieutenant-governor of the island of St. Lucia, and took out with him the act of emancipation of the slaves. He returned home on the occasion of his second marriage in 1838; became major-general in 1841, and, after serving on the staff in Ireland, was appointed to a divisional command in Bengal in 1848, which he held at the time of his death.

Hill was made C.B. in 1814, knighted in 1816, and made K.C.B. in 1848. He had the Portuguese orders of the Tower and Sword, and St. Bento d'Avis, the latter conferred in 1839, and also four Portuguese medals. He was presented with a sword and two valuable pieces of plate by his native county. He was appointed to the colonelcy of the 50th foot in 1849. He died at Umballa, Bengal, on 21 Feb. 1851.

Hill married, first, the third daughter of Robert Hunter of Kew, Surrey, by whom he had six children; and secondly, on 23 June 1838, Mary, widow of Mark Davies, of Turnwood, Dorsetshire. 