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 Chapel Royal, and in the same year became lay vicar of Westminster, a post which he retained until 1820. In 1818 he edited in score the great collection of English madrigals, called ‘The Triumphs of Oriana,’ first published in 1601, prefixing an introduction of some antiquarian value, together with biographical notices of the composers. His estimate of the merit of the music was very high, and was considerably more just than that of Burney or of the majority of musicians at the date of republication (see Quarterly Musical Review, 1818, p. 500). He became connected with the Royal Harmonic Institution in the Argyll Rooms, Regent Street, a kind of publishing company which ultimately failed, and Hawes and one Welsh were left as the only representatives of the original promoters of the scheme. Hawes freed himself from the concern by the commission of an act of bankruptcy, and afterwards set up as a publisher on his own account in the Strand. In 1822 he tried to establish exclusive rights in one of twelve Scotch songs which he had edited and published; but the suit he brought against the proprietors of the ‘Gazette of Fashion’ with this object was dismissed by the lord chancellor. During Arnold's management of the English Opera House at the Lyceum Theatre, Hawes, who was Arnold's intimate friend, gave him much assistance. It is said that the production of ‘Der Freischütz’ in July 1824 was mainly due to Hawes. He certainly wrote several songs which were, according to the barbarous fashion of the day, interpolated in Weber's score. It has been stated (, Dictionary) that he was musical director for several years; but neither the contemporary accounts of the performances nor the advertisements mention him except as adapting foreign works to the English stage. The operas arranged by him were Salieri's ‘Tarare,’ 1825; Weber's ‘Natur und Liebe,’ 1825; Winter's ‘Unterbrochene Opferfest,’ 1826; Paer's ‘Fuorusciti,’ 1827; Mozart's ‘Così fan Tutte,’ 1828; Ries's ‘Räuberbraut’ and Marschner's ‘Vampyr,’ 1829. In 1825 he directed a series of Lenten oratarios at Covent Garden, and in 1830 engaged in similar undertakings at both the patent theatres. In 1828 he managed a festival at Brighton, 29–31 Oct. He was for many years conductor of the Madrigal Society, and organist of the Lutheran church in the Savoy. Hawes died at his house in Adelphi Terrace on 18 Feb. 1846. His daughter, Maria Billington Hawes, attained distinction as a singer. Besides his songs introduced into plays, his works comprise ‘A Collection of Five Glees and one Madrigal,’ ‘Six Glees,’ a monody on the death of Princess Charlotte, 1817, and a requiem for four voices. His glee, ‘The Bee, the golden Daughter of the Spring,’ gained the prize at the Glee Club in 1836. He edited a collection of madrigals of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, the glees of Spofforth, and Chants, &c., in seven numbers or parts.

 HAWFORD, EDWARD, D.D. (d. 1582), master of Christ's College, Cambridge, perhaps born at Clipstone in Northamptonshire, was son of Thomas Hawford and his wife Margaret Wade. He was a student of Jesus College, Cambridge, graduated B.A. in 1543, was elected fellow of Christ's College, and commenced M.A. in 1545. He was proctor in 1552. On 12 June 1554 he was instituted rector of two-thirds of the rectory of Clipston, and subscribed the Roman catholic articles in 1555. He was elected master of Christ's College in 1559, and on 14 Feb. 1561 was collated to a prebend in Chester Cathedral, being also, it is believed, rector of Glemsford in Suffolk. In 1563 he was made vice-chancellor of the university, and, having taken the degree of D.D. in 1564, was still in office when Queen Elizabeth visited Cambridge on 5 Aug. Hawford did his share in receiving her, and took part in the divinity act held in her presence. The dean and chapter of Norwich sent him 100l. in 1569 as an acknowledgment of the help which he had given them in the matter of their charter, and he bestowed the money on his college. He also made an addition to the college garden. He was one of the heads chiefly responsible for the new university statutes drawn up in 1570. The statutes were displeasing to the puritan party at Cambridge, and Hawford and his colleagues were described as ‘either enemies to the gospel or faint professors,’ Hawford being specially accused of having shown great unwillingness to cast out popish books and vestments from his college, and of having finally conveyed all the best and richest away secretly (Life of Archbishop Parker, iii. 221–2). On 11 Dec. he was one of the assessors of the vice-chancellor in the proceedings against Thomas Cartwright (1535–1603) [q. v.] He was appointed one of the visitors of St. John's College, and helped to revise the statutes in 1575–6. The majority of the fellows of Christ's College were discontented at his ejection of the puritan Hugh Broughton [q. v.] from his 