Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 23.djvu/430

 under the title 'Conspiracie for Pretended Reformation, viz. Presbyteriall Discipline,' London, 1592. Cosin prints several letters said to have passed between Hacket, Coppinger, and other friends. Henry Arthington also issued a history of the affair, under the title 'The Seduction of Arthington by Hacket,' London, 1592, dedicated to the privy council, with an appeal for the author's release from prison. See Stow's vivid account of the riot in Cheapside in his Chronicle, 1632, f. 761; Strype's Annals, iv. 97-100; Fuller's Church Hist. ed. Brewer, pp. 159-63; Cal. State Papers, Dom. 1591-4, pp. 75-6.] 

HACKMAN, ALFRED (1811–1874), sub-librarian at the Bodleian Library, was born at Fulham, near London, 8 April 1811. His father, Thomas Hackman, was the parochial vestry clerk, and his office brought him into connection with the Bishop of London (William Howley). Through Howley's influence Hackman matriculated as a servitor of Christ Church, Oxford, 25 Oct. 1832. He had been educated in France, and had then spent some years as usher in a boarding-school kept by his father. He graduated B.A. in 1837, and M.A. in 1840. Through the influence of Dean Gaisford he obtained a temporary post in the Bodleian Library in 1837, and was connected with the library for more than thirty-five years afterwards. In 1837 he also became chaplain of Christ Church, and curate to the Rev. Henry Gary at St. Paul's, Oxford. He was appointed by his college vicar of Cowley, near Oxford, in 1839, and was from 1841 to 1873 precentor at Christ Church. From 1844 to 1871 he was vicar of St. Paul's, Oxford. Here he exercised a considerable influence as a preacher, not only on his own parishioners, but also on the undergraduates of the university, who were attracted by his earnestness and quaint vivacity. Curates carefully attended to his parish, while his own time was largely occupied by his duties in the Bodleian Library, where in 1862 he was appointed sub-librarian. Failing health induced him to retire from the library and to resign his chaplaincy at Christ Church in 1873. He died, unmarried, in his brother's house at Long Ditton, Surrey, on 18 Sept, 1874. He published 'A Catalogue of the Collection of the Tanner MSS. in the Bodleian,' 4to, Oxford, 1860, which is very carefully executed.



HACKMAN, JAMES (1752–1779), murderer, the son of Lieutenant William Hackman and Mary his wife, was baptised in Holy Trinity Church, Gosport, on 13 Dec. 1752, and at an early age was apprenticed to a mercer of that town. Taking a dislike to trade he persuaded his parents to buy him a commission, and at the age of nineteen entered the army, being gazetted an ensign in the 68th regiment of foot on 20 May 1772. While with a recruiting party at Huntingdon he was invited to Lord Sandwich's house at Hinchinbroke, and there he met and fell in love with Martha Ray, the daughter of a stay-maker in Holywell Street, London. When about eighteen years of age she became the mistress of John Montagu, fourth earl of Sandwich, by whom she had several children, one of them being [q. v.] According to a contemporary authority, 'her person was uncommonly elegant, and her voice musical in a high degree.' She was a favourite pupil of Giardini, and several attempts had been made to induce her to sing on the stage. Hackman was promoted to the rank of lieutenant on 10 July 1776, but left the army at the end of that year in order to prepare for the church. Having been ordained deacon on 24 Feb. 1779, and priest on the 28th of the same month at Park Street Chapel, Grosvenor Square, he was presented by Hyde Mathis of Chichester to the living of Wiveton in Norfolk, to which he was instituted by Bishop Yonge at Norwich on 1 March 1779. During these years Hackman still continued his attentions to Miss Ray, in spite of her refusal of his offer of marriage. At length, in a fit of jealous despair, he shot her through the head with a pistol, while she was quitting Covent Garden Theatre, after the performance of 'Love in a Village,' on 7 April 1779. She fell dead instantly, and Hackman, with another pistol, endeavoured to kill himself. He fell wounded to the ground, and vainly tried to dash out his brains with the butt-ends of the pistols. On the following day Hackman was committed by Sir John Fielding to Tothill Fields Bridewell, and a verdict of wilful murder against him was brought in by the coroner's jury, after sitting several hours.' On 14 April the remains of Miss Ray (whose age, according to her coffin-plate, was thirty-four) were buried in the chancel of Elstree Church (, Hertfordshire, 'Hundred of Cashio,' p. 84). On the 16th Hackman was tried at the Old Bailey before Mr. Justice Blackstone and found guilty. In his defence Hackman declared that, though he had determined to kill himself, the murder of Miss Ray was unpremeditated. On Hackman asking Lord Sandwich's pardon, Sandwich sent him word that as he 'look'd upon his horrid action as an act of frenzy, he forgave it, that he received the stroke as coming from Providence which he ought to submit to, but that he had robb'd him of all comfort in this world' 