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 Smith, who was under Goddard, described his life at Winchester as one of misery (, Memoir of Sydney Smith, i. 7, 4th ed.); but his experience seems to have been an exceptional one (see the evidence collected by the Rev. in Wykehamica at p. 160). In 1796 Goddard succeeded Dr. Warton as head-master, and retained the appointment until 1809, when he retired. He was one of the best head-masters Winchester has ever had. Within three years he had raised the numbers of the school from 60 to 144, and its scholarship showed immediate improvement. Among his pupils were Bishops Lipscombe and Shuttleworth, Lords Cranworth and Eversley, Sir Robert Inglis, Augustus Hare, and Dr. Arnold, and it is probable that many of the educational principles which Dr. Arnold is supposed to have invented, especially that of governing by reliance on boys' sense of honour, were really derived by him from Goddard. He was an able teacher, a firm disciplinarian, and the only outbreak under his rule, that of 1808, was of a mild character (, Memorials of a Quiet Life, vol. i. ch. iv.;, Life of Dr. Arnold, i. 2).

After his resignation of the head-mastership Goddard was made a prebendary of St. Paul's in January 1814, and canon of Salisbury in October 1829; he was also presented to the living of Barton in Sussex, and for several years held that of Wherwell, near Andover, in commendam. His last years were spent partly in Cadogan Place, Chelsea, London, partly at Andover, where, besides numerous benefactions, he rebuilt Foxcote Church, at the cost of some 30,000l. To Winchester College he presented 25,000l., to provide for the annual salaries of the masters, which had previously been charged in the accounts of the boys' parents. In grateful memory of him a scholarship of the value of 25l. a year, and tenable for four years, was founded at Winchester in 1846. Goddard's literary remains consist of a Latin elegy on Dr. Warton (, Life of Warton, i. 191) and some sermons, one of which was preached on the occasion of the consecration of his old schoolfellow, Dr. Howley, as bishop of London (1813).

[‘Wykehamica,’ by the Rev. H. C. Adams, mentioned above; Gent. Mag. 1845, xxiv. 642–4.]  GODDEN, vere, THOMAS, D.D. (1624–1688), controversialist, son of William Tylden, gentleman, of Dartford, Kent, was born at Addington in that county in 1624, and educated at a private school kept by Mr. Gill in Holborn. He was entered as a commoner of Queen's College, Oxford, on 3 July 1638, his tutor being Randall Sanderson, fellow of that society. Removing to Cambridge, he was on 3 July 1639 admitted a pensioner of St. John's College in that university. He was admitted as a Billingsley scholar of St. John's on 4 Nov. 1640, on the recommendation of John Williams, bishop of Lincoln, and he graduated B.A. in 1641–2. During his residence at Cambridge he formed an acquaintance with John Sergeant [q. v.], who became a convert to catholicism, and converted Godden. They both proceeded to the English College at Lisbon, where they arrived on 4 Nov. 1643. After eight months spent in devotional exercises, they were on 20 June 1644 admitted alumni. In due course Godden was ordained priest, and he lectured on philosophy in the college from 1650 till January 1652–3. After having been successively professor of theology, prefect of studies, and vice-president, he was on 29 June 1655 appointed president of the college, in succession to Dr. Clayton. In April 1660 he was created D.D. He became renowned for his eloquence as a preacher in the Portuguese language.

In 1661 he was appointed chaplain and preceptor to the Princess Catharine of Braganza, the destined consort of Charles II, and the year following he accompanied her to England, and had apartments assigned to him in the palace of Somerset House. In 1671 he was engaged in a controversy with Stillingfleet, upon the question whether salvation was attainable by converts from protestantism, as well as by persons bred in the catholic religion. In 1678 Godden was accused of complicity in the murder of Sir Edmund Berry Godfrey [q. v.] His lodgings in Somerset House were searched, and his servant, Lawrence Hill, was executed as an accomplice in the crime on the false testimony of Miles Prance, who swore that the corpse was concealed in Godden's apartment. Godden escaped to the continent, and retired to Paris. In the reign of James II he was reinstated in Somerset House, where he was almoner to the queen dowager and chaplain as before. On 30 Nov. 1686 he and Dr. Bonaventure Giffard [q. v.] attended a conference held before the king and the Earl of Rochester concerning the real presence, and defended the catholic doctrine in opposition to Dr. William Jane, dean of Gloucester, and Dr. Simon Patrick, who appeared on the protestant side (, Hist. of England, ed. 1858, ii. 149). He died in November 1688, while the nation was in the throes of the revolution, and was buried on 1 Dec. in the vaults under the royal chapel in Somerset