Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 22.djvu/280

 Eastern Counties railways. He was a man of great industry, and most precise and methodical in his manner of working. He died on 8 Sept. 1871, aged 67, and was buried in Highgate cemetery. His son, Hugh Roumieu Gough, succeeded to his practice.

[Private information; manuscript notes kindly lent by Hugh Roumieu Gough, esq.; Builder, 1855 p. 41, 1871 p. 749; Redgrave's Dict. of Artists; Graves's Dict. of Artists; Catalogues of Royal Academy Exhibitions, 1837, 1840–4, 1849; Lewis's Hist. of Islington, pp. 44, 45, 166, 281, 360, 361; Companion to the British Almanack, 1839 p. 231, 1842 p. 228, 1855 p. 217, 1856 p. 205, 1857 p. 235; Civil Engineer, 1845, p. 127.] 

GOUGH, HUGH, first  (1779–1869), field-marshal, born on 3 Nov. 1779, a descendant of Francis Gough, D.D., bishop of Limerick temp. Charles I, was fourth son of George Gough of Woodstone, co. Limerick, by his wife Letitia, daughter of Thomas Bunbury of Lisnavagh and Moyle, co. Carlow. In 1793 he received a commission in the newly formed Limerick city militia (now artillery), of which his father was lieutenant-colonel, and on 7 Aug. 1794 was gazetted ensign in Hon. Robert Ward's corps of foot, whence in October following he was transferred to the 119th, or Colonel Rochford's foot, of which short-lived corps he was adjutant at the age of fifteen. On 6 June 1795 he was promoted lieutenant in the 78th highlanders, on the formation of a second battalion of that regiment, and was present with it at the capture of the Cape of Good Hope in the same year, and at the surrender of the Dutch fleet in Saldanha Bay in 1796. His friends had meanwhile procured his transfer to the 87th Prince of Wales's Irish (since the Royal Irish Fusiliers), with which corps he served against the brigands in St. Lucia, at the capture of Trinidad, the attack on Porto Rico, and the capture of Surinam, continuing with it in the West Indies and at Curaçoa until 1803. In 1803 he got his company in a second battalion of the regiment ordered to be formed at Frome, Somersetshire, by Sir Charles William Doyle [q. v.], from men enrolled in the army of reserve in the counties of Tipperary, Galway, and Clonmel. Gough became major in the battalion in 1805, and (Doyle having been sent on special service to Spain) commanded it when it embarked for Portugal on 28 Dec. 1808, and at the battle of Talavera on 28 July 1809, where the ‘Faugh a Ballaghs’ (Clear the Ways), as this regiment (not the Connaught Rangers, as it is generally stated) was called from its Erse battle-cry, lost very heavily. Gough was severely wounded, and had his horse shot under him. At Lord Wellington's request Gough's commission as lieutenant-colonel was antedated to the battle, he being the first British officer that ever received brevet promotion for service in action at the head of a regiment (, Army List). The battalion was soon after sent to Lisbon (Wellington Suppl. Desp. vi. 376). In 1810 it was with Graham at Cadiz, and formed part of the force that debarked at Algesiraz, and fought the battle of Barossa on 5 March 1811, when Gough, with the 87th and three companies 1st guards, made a famous charge on the French 8th light infantry. An ‘eagle’—the first taken in the Peninsular war—was captured by Sergeant Patrick Masterson of the 87th, and an eagle with collar of gold and the figure 8 has ever since been worn as a badge of honour by the royal Irish fusiliers. Graham wrote to General Doyle, the colonel: ‘Your regiment has covered itself with glory. Recommend it and its commander Gough to their illustrious patron, the prince regent. Too much cannot be done for it’ (Hist. Rec. 87th, p. 52). The battalion afterwards went to Cadiz and Gibraltar, and in October 1811 to Tarifa, and, when Laval attacked the place with ten thousand men, defended the breach in the south-east front, where, as Napier relates (Hist. Peninsular War, bk. xx. chap. v.), ‘a stream of French grenadiers’ came down the bed of an adjacent torrent, and made a desperate assault upon it on 31 Oct. 1811. The heroic leader of the French fell, dying against the portcullis which closed the breach, yielding up his sword to Gough through the bars. An open breach between two turrets, with the British colours flying, and the word ‘Tarifa,’ are among the honourable augmentations to the Gough family arms. The battalion with Gough in command was ordered to join Lord Wellington's army in October 1812, and was present at the battle of Vittoria, where Marshal Jourdan's baton was captured by it, and in the subsequent campaigns. Gough was disabled by a very severe wound received at the battle of Nivelle on 10 Nov. 1813. His application for a company in the guards appears to have been unsuccessful (, Wellington Despatches, vii. 534). He was knighted at Carlton House on 4 June 1815, and received the freedom of the city of Dublin and a sword of value. He was in command of the 2nd 87th when the battalion was disbanded at Colchester on 1 Feb. 1817. His farewell order and an account of the services of the battalion are given in Cannon's ‘Historical Records, 87th Fusiliers,’ pp. 41–74. He remained on half-pay until 1819, when he was appointed to the 22nd foot, on its return home, and commanded it most of the time in the south of Ireland during