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 printed copies are longer. Ascribed to Garland in Leyden MS. 360 (see Hist. Lit. viii. 89). 8. ‘Floretus,’ 1,166 leonine verses on the catholic faith and Christian morality. A scholiast, followed by Dom Rivet, ascribes it to the same author as the preceding. These last three poems are printed in the collection known as ‘Auctores Octo,’ Angoulême, 1491, Lyons, 1488, 1489, 1490. They were also frequently printed separately in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. 9. ‘Satyricum Opus.’ The first words are given by Pits, but nothing further is known. 10. ‘Versus Proverbiales.’ In Bodl. MS. Rawl. C. 496, along with 12, 15, 17, and ‘Expositiones Vocabulorum,’ which are perhaps by Garland. See also Bodl. MS. Laud. Misc. 707. 11. ‘Aurea Gemma’. Perhaps identical with one of the former.

II. Grammatical: 12. ‘Dictionarius Scolasticus.’ A dictionary of phrases necessary for scholars. The author reviews the trades of Paris, and makes many allusions to that city. According to a note in MS. Bibliothèque Suppl. 294, it was printed at Caen in 1508 by L. Hastingue, but no copy is known to exist. Printed by Wright in ‘Library of National Antiquities,’ vol. i., and M. Geraud in ‘Documents Inédits sur l'Histoire de France—Paris sous Philippe le Bel,’ p. 580. 13. ‘Dictionarius cum Commento.’ Treats chiefly of sacred vestments and ornaments, MS. Caius College, Cambridge, 385. 14. ‘Dictionarius ad res explicandas’. Probably identical with ‘Commentarius Curialium,’ which is contained in Caius College MS. 385, together with other works by John Garland, in whose style and manner it is written. At the end it is stated to have been written at Paris in 1240. 15. ‘Cornutus’ or ‘Distigium’ or ‘Scolarium Morale.’ Verses of advice to young students. Several of the numerous manuscripts give Garland as the author of the verses, not of the accompanying commentary. Printed Zwoll, 1481, Haguenau, 1489, and is the first part of the vocabulary printed by Wright in ‘Library of National Antiquities,’ i. 175. See Caius MS. 136. Dom Rivet suggests that the title of this work points to Garland as the scholiast on Juvenal and Persius who is called Cornutus; but this is only a conjecture. 16. ‘Compendium Grammatice,’ ascribed to Garland, Caius MS. 385. In verse, printed without date or place, and at Deventer, 1489. There is a key to this compendium in Caius Coll. MS. 136. 17. ‘Accentarius sive de Accentibus,’ ascribed to Garland, Caius MS. 385. Also in MS. Rawlinson, C. 496, as ‘Ars lectoria Ecclesie.’ In verse and with a commentary. 18. ‘Synonyma’ and 19. ‘Equivoca,’ both in hexameter verse. These two works were frequently printed with the commentary of Geoffrey the Grammarian [q. v.] by R. Pynson and W. de Worde, also by Hopyl, Paris, 1494, &c. The ‘Synonyma’ and a few lines of the ‘Equivoca’ were printed by Leyser and in Migne, cl. No doubt they were revised from time to time by teachers, and in their existing form may be by Matthew of Vendôme, to whom they are ascribed in some manuscripts. But see ‘Hist. Lit.’ xxii. 948–950. 20. ‘Liber de Orthographia,’ MS. Wolfenbüttel. Opening verses in Leyser and Migne, cl. 21. ‘Liber Metricus de Verbis Deponentialibus,’ printed Antwerp, 1486, Deventer, R. Paffroed, 1498, &c. 22. ‘Merarius,’ a short tract in Caius Coll. MSS. 136 and 385. Perhaps by Garland; used in ‘Promptorium Parvulorum.’ See Mr. Way's preface, p. xxxi. 23. ‘Nomina et Verba Defectiva’ printed. 24. ‘Duodecim Decades,’ printed as Garland's with ‘Synonyma Britonis,’ Paris, F. Baligault, 1496, (see HAIN, i. 554). 25. ‘Libellus de Verborum Compositis,’ Rouen, L. Hastingue, n. d. See Brunet. 26. ‘Unum Omnium,’ Pits. M. Gatien Arnault shows some reasons for supposing that this was a work on logic. Pits and others ascribe to John the Grammarian, along with the ‘Compendium Grammatice,’ (27) ‘Super Ovidii Metamorphosin,’ Bodl. MS. Digby 104—probably by John Walleys, under whose name it was printed, Paris, 1569—and (28) ‘De Arte Metrica.’ In Cambridge MS. More 121, as ‘Poetria Magna Johannis Anglici.’ Begins with panegyric on the university of Paris. In prose and verse.

III. Alchemical: 29. ‘Compendium Alchymiæ cum Dictionario ejusdem Artis,’ printed, Bâle 1560 and 1571, Strasburg 1566. According to Dom Rivet there are two distinct works—a compendium printed 1571, and an abridgment printed 1560; he also adds (30) ‘A Key to the Abridgment and the Mysteries which it contains,’ extant only in manuscript at abbey of Dunes. 31. ‘Liber de Mineralibus,’ printed, Bâle, 1560, after an edition of the ‘Synonyma,’ and along with (32) ‘Libellus de Præparatione Elixir.’ Fabricius suggests that the alchemist Joannes Garlandius should be distinguished from Joannes de Garlandia the grammarian and poet. Mansi, however, dissents. The commentary of Arnold de Villeneuve, which accompanies the 1560 edition, proves the celebrity of these writings. Pits ascribes to Garland a work entitled ‘Hortulanus;’ but this seems to be only a name used by him as an alchemist. In Ashmolean MS. 1478, iv. 1, which contains a transla-