Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 20.djvu/407

 cient Faith; or five sermons in Proof of the Christian Religion,’ London, 1811, 8vo. 2. ‘Congratulatory Letter to the Rev. Herbert Marsh, D.D. … on his judicious Inquiry into the consequences of neglecting to give the Prayer-Book with the Bible. Together with a Sermon on the inadequacy of the Bible to be an exclusive Rule of Faith, inscribed to the same,’ London, 1812, 8vo, reprinted in ‘The Pamphleteer’ (1813), i. 413. This elicited a reply from Marsh, and several controversial pamphlets. 3. ‘A Second Letter to the Rev. Herbert Marsh confirming the opinion that the vital principle of the Reformation has been conceded by him to the Church of Rome,’ London, 1813, 8vo, reprinted in ‘The Pamphleteer,’ ii. 397. 4. ‘Liturgy, or a Book of Common Prayer, and administration of Sacraments, with other Rites and Ceremonies of the Church. For the use of all Christians in the United Kingdom,’ London, 1812, 12mo; Birmingham, 1815, 12mo. 5. A sermon on the text ‘Render to Cæsar the things which are Cæsar's,’ &c., London, 1813, 8vo. 6. ‘A Defence of the Ancient Faith, or a full Exposition of the Christian Religion in a series of controversial sermons,’ 4 vols., London, 1813–15, 8vo. 7. ‘Letters addressed to the Archbishop of Canterbury, and the Protestant Clergy of England … or a Reply to the Calumnies and Slanders advanced against the Catholic Petitioners,’ London, 1813 and 1817, 8vo. 8. ‘Vetoism illustrated to future generations; or a letter to the editor of the “Ami de la Religion et du Roi,” in answer to an article in the same journal,’ London, 1819, 8vo. 9. ‘Letter to a noble Lord on the conduct of Sir J. Cox Hippisley at Rome,’ London, 1819, 8vo. 10. ‘Lessons of Morality and Piety; extracted from the Sapiential Books of Holy Scripture,’ London, 1822, 8vo.

[Baker's Hist. of St. John's (Mayor), ii. 834–841; Biog. Dict. of Living Authors, pp. 125, 431; Bodleian Cat.; De Backer's Bibl. des Écrivains de la Compagnie de Jésus (1869), i. 2029; Foley's Records, vii. 286; Gent. Mag. vol. lxxxiii. pt. ii. p. 362, vol. lxxxiv. pt. i. p. 470, vol. xci. pt. ii. pp. 185, 200; Gillow's Bibl. Dict.; London and Dublin Orthodox Journal (1842), xv. 103; Lowndes's Bibl. Man. (Bohn), p. 861; Oliver's Jesuit Collections, p. 98; Orthodox Journal, iv. 317, 350, 396, 405, v. 80, 163, 172, 176, 177, 203, 205, 232, 269, 378, vii. 428; Watt's Bibl. Brit.] 

GANDON, JAMES (1743–1823), architect, born in New Bond Street, London, on 29 Feb. 1742–3 at the house of his grandfather, a Huguenot refugee, was the only son of Peter Gandon, by his marriage with a Welsh lady named Wynne. He received a good classical and mathematical education and developed an early taste for drawing. His father having nearly ruined himself by a passion for alchemy, Gandon entered Shipley's drawing academy in St. Martin's Lane. In 1757 he was awarded a premium by the Society of Arts, and on the arrival of Sir William Chambers in London he became first a general assistant in his office, but afterwards his articled pupil. About 1765 he commenced business for himself, contributed to the Spring Gardens exhibitions in that and the succeeding years, and was chosen a member of the Free Society of Artists. In conjunction with John Woolfe, architect to the board of works, Gandon published a continuation of Colin Campbell's ‘Vitruvius Britannicus,’ 2 vols. fol. London, 1767–71, which contains (ii. 77–80) his design, obtained in competition, for the county hall and prison at Nottingham, erected in 1769–70, at a cost of 2,500l. In 1767 he exhibited at the Incorporated Society of Artists ‘a mausoleum to the memory of Handel, erected in the demesne of Sir Samuel Hillier in Staffordshire.’ On the foundation of the Royal Academy in 1768 he became a student, and won the first gold medal awarded in architecture (1769). In 1769 he obtained the third premium of thirty guineas for a design for the Royal Exchange, now the City Hall, Dublin (erected by T. Cooley); and in 1776 that of one hundred guineas for the New Bethlehem Hospital, London (erected by J. Lewis). Between 1774 and 1780 he exhibited drawings at the Royal Academy. After refusing a somewhat uncertain offer of court employment in Russia, he went to Dublin in 1781 to superintend the construction of the new docks, stores, and custom-house, the plans of which he had made in 1780 at the instance of Lord Carlow (afterwards Lord Portarlington). The building was completed in 1791. Gandon had to struggle against the nature of the ground and the armed opposition of the residents near the old custom-house. In 1784 he designed the united court-house and gaol for the city and county of Waterford, in 1785 the east portico and ornamented circular screen wall to the Parliament House in Dublin (since altered for the bank). Shortly afterwards the western screen and the Foster Place portico were added from his designs of 1786, under the superintendence of a Mr. Parke. On 3 March 1786 were laid the foundations of the Four Courts, Dublin, also from his designs. Part had been erected by T. Cooley in 1776–84. The courts were first used on 8 Nov. 1796; in 1798 the east wing of the offices was commenced; and in 1802