Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 18.djvu/335

 and spent several years, from 1662, as procurator or agent at the College of St. Omer. He was made a professed father in 1676, and was sent to England the same year. He resided in London as procurator of St.. Omer's College, and was also one of the missionary fathers in the metropolis. In the fourth year of his ministerial labours he was summoned, on the information of Titus Oates, to appear before the privy council, and committed to Newgate. While in prison he suffered so much from his chains and bolts, that once it was under deliberation whether one of his legs should not be amputated. After a long confinement he was tried for high treason with Father Ireland, but as the evidence was insufficient, he was remanded back to prison. He was arraigned a second time at the Old Bailey on 13 June 1679, before all the judges of England, together with four other Jesuit fathers. Oates and Dugdale were witnesses against them, and in accordance with the direction of Lord-chief-justice Scroggs the jury found the prisoners guilty. They suffered death at Tyburn on 20 June 1679. Fenwick's remains were buried in the churchyard of St. Giles-in-the-Fields.

An account of the trial and condemnation of the five Jesuits 'for High Treason, in conspiring the Death of the King, the Subversion of the Government and Protestant Religion' was published by authority at London, 1679, fol.

A portrait of Fenwick engraved by Martin Bouche at Antwerp is inserted in Matthias Tanner's 'Brevis Relatio felicis Agonis quem pro religione Catholica gloriosè subierunt aliquot è Societate Jesu sacerdotes,' Prague, 1683. A photograph of the print is in Foley's 'Records.' Fenwick is also represented in the print of Titus Oates in the pillory.

[Challoner's Missionary Priests (1742) ii. 386: Dodd's Church Hist. iii. 316; Florus Anglo-Bavaricus p. 163; Foley's Records, v. 244, vii. 109; Gillow's Bibl. Dict. i. 149, 373; Granger's Biog. Hist, of England, 5th ed. v. 93; Howell's State Trials, vii. 311; Hohler's Martyrer und Beknner der Gesellschaft Jesu in England, p. 392 ; Oliver's Jesuit Collectians, p. 90.]  FENWICK or FENWICKE, JOHN  (1579–1658?), politician, was the son of Sir William Fenwicke of Wallington, Northumberland, by Grace, daughter of Sir John Forster of Edderstone in the same county. From his father and maternal grandfather he derived extensive estates in Northumberland, to which he added considerably by purchase. He held the command of Tynemouth Castle during the restraint of the Earl of Northumberland, of gunpowder-treason celebrity. His influence in Northumberland was immense, and appears to have been unscrupulously used. He is coupled with Lord Howard of Walden as one of ‘the great thieves of the county,’ in a letter of William Morton to Winwood in 1617 (Cal. State Papers, Dom. 1611–18, pp. 358, 465). He represented Northumberland in the Short parliament of 1623–1624, and in every succeeding parliament down to and inclusive of the Long parliament. In 1628 he bought the title of baronet (ib. 1628–9, p. 137). In November 1635 he was placed on a special commission appointed for the purpose of putting down crimes of violence in the border districts (ib. 1635, p. 510). He was a deputy-lieutenant of Northumberland, and in that capacity displayed such energy in mustering forces for the king, that on 9 March 1639–40 he was appointed muster-master-general of the army (ib. 1638–9, pp. 310, 437, 1639–40, p. 529). He was one of the members excluded from the House of Commons for deserting the cause of the parliament and adhering to the king, on 22 Jan. 1643–4 (Comm. Journ. iii. 374;, Hist. Coll. v. 575). In December 1644 he was taken prisoner by the parliamentarian forces between Banbury and Northampton (, Mem. p. 121). He subsequently made his peace with the parliament, was appointed high sheriff of Northumberland, was readmitted to the House of Commons on 26 June 1646, and was a member of the commission for the conservation of peace between England and Scotland appointed in the same year (Thurloe State Papers, i. 79; Comm. Journ. iv. 588). He died about 1658. Fenwicke married twice. His first wife was Catherine, daughter of Sir Ralph Slingsby of Scriven in the West Riding of Yorkshire, by whom he had one son (John, who served in the royal army as a colonel of dragoons, and was killed at Marston Moor on 3 July 1644) and two daughters. His second wife was Grace, daughter of Thomas Lorain of Kirk-Harle, Northumberland, by whom he had two sons (William and Allan) and one daughter, Grace. His successor, Sir William, was father of Sir John Fenwick (1645?–1697) [q. v.]

[Burke's Extinct Baronetage; Hodgson's Northumberland, pt. ii. i. 256; Hill's Langton, 218.]  FENWICK, JOHN (1645?–1697), conspirator, was descended from an old Northumberland family, the earliest of his ancestors of whom there is mention being Robert de Fenwic, who in the 10th of Henry III was possessed of Fenwic Tower, Northumberland (Pedigree in, History of Langton, p. 218). He was the eldest son and