Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 18.djvu/312

 Magdalensis Oxonii extra muros.’ His zeal as a preacher gained him the name of ‘homiliarius’ or ‘concionator;’ for though, as Leland tells us, he was ‘an eager student of philosophy and theology,’ yet ‘the mark towards which he earnestly pressed with eye and mind was none other than that by his continual exhortations he might lead the dwellers on the Isis from the filth of their vices to the purity of virtue.’ He published several volumes of sermons, compiled from various sources, which are prefaced by the statement that the ‘penuria studentium’ had moved him to make this compilation ‘de micis quas collegi quæ cadebant de mensis dominorum meorum, Januensis, Parisiensis, Lugdunensis, Odonis, et cæterorum.’ He left behind him: A note on the margin of one of his works declares that in 1420 he made a present of books to Balliol College.
 * 1) ‘Alphabetum theologicum ex opusculis Rob. Grost. collectum.’
 * 2) ‘Sermones Dominicales’ (fifty-eight in number; there are three copies among the Harleian MSS. in the British Museum, one of which contains a note stating that the sermons were finished in 1431).
 * 3) Two other volumes of ‘Sermones.’
 * 4) ‘Lecturæ sacræ Scripturæ.’
 * 5) ‘Pera Peregrini.’

 FELTON, JOHN (d. 1570), catholic layman, was descended from an ancient family in Norfolk. He was a gentleman of large property, and resided at Bermondsey Abbey, near Southwark, Surrey. His wife had been maid of honour to Queen Mary, who just before her death recommended her to Queen Elizabeth. Indeed, Elizabeth held her in great respect, for they had been friends and companions in childhood, and on this account Mrs. Felton was favoured with a special grant to keep a priest in her house. When Pius V published the bull of excommunication and deprivation against Elizabeth, Felton obtained copies of it from the Spanish ambassador's chaplain, who immediately left the kingdom. Felton published the bull in this country by affixing a copy to the gates of the Bishop of London's palace between two and three o'clock of the morning of 15 May 1570. The government, surprised at and alarmed by this daring deed, at once ordered a general search to be made in all suspected places, and another copy of the bull was discovered in the chambers of a student of Lincoln's Inn, who confessed, when put to the rack, that he had received it from Felton. The next day the lord mayor, the lord chief justice, and the two sheriffs of London, with five hundred halberdiers, surrounded Bermondsey Abbey early in the morning. Felton, guessing their errand, opened the doors and gave himself into their custody, frankly admitting that he had set up the bull. He was conveyed to the Tower, where he was placed on the rack, but he resolutely refused to make any further confession.

He was arraigned at Guildhall on 4 Aug. 1570, and on the 8th of the same month was drawn on a sledge to St. Paul's churchyard, where he was hanged in front of the episcopal palace. He said that he gloried in the deed, and proclaimed himself a martyr to the papal supremacy. Though he gave the queen no other title than that of the Pretender, he asked her pardon if he had injured her; and in token that he bore her no malice, he sent her a present, by the Earl of Essex, of a diamond ring, worth 400l., which he drew from his finger. His body was beheaded and quartered, ‘and carried to Newgate to be parboiled, and so set up, as the other rebels were.’

Felton was low of stature, and of a black complexion; naturally of a warm temper, and almost ungovernable where the interest of his religion was concerned. His plate and jewels, valued at 33,000l., were seized for the queen's use. He was beatified by decree of Pope Leo XIII, dated 29 Dec. 1886.

‘The End and Confession of John Felton, the Rank Traytor, who set up the traytorous Bull on the Bishop of Londons Gate. By J. Partridge,’ published at London, 1570, is reprinted in Morgan's ‘Phœnix Britannicus,’ p. 415, and in Howell's ‘State Trials,’ i. 1086. ‘The Arraignment & Execution of Iohn Felton, hanged and quartered for treason in Paules Churchyard; Aug. 8,’ in verse, 1570, 8vo, was licensed to Henry Bynneman (AMES, Typogr. Antiq. ed. Herbert, p. 970). Felton left a son Thomas (1567?–1588), who is separately noticed.

