Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 18.djvu/20

Estye letter Estwick deplores the tendency of the age to ‘a neglect, if not a disuse, of church musick.’ Another sermon, delivered at St. Paul's, was published in 1698. His manuscript music is preserved at the Music School, and at Christ Church Library, Oxford; it includes a motett, songs, and odes to be performed at the Acts.

[Sampson Estwick's works; Hawkins's Hist. of Music, p. 767; Pleasant Musical Companion; Malcolm's Londinium Redivivum, 1803, iii. 27, 552, iv. 511; Oxford Graduates; Grove's Dict. of Music, i. 496; original documents relative to the first establishment of the Academy of Vocal Music, see British Museum Addit. MS. 11732; extracts from St. Paul's Cathedral Records, supplied by the Rev. W. Sparrow Simson, D.D.; old newspapers, 1739; works mentioned above.] 

ESTYE, GEORGE (1566–1601), divine, was educated at Caius College, Cambridge, proceeding B.A. in 1580–1. He was afterwards elected a fellow of his college, commenced M.A. in 1584, and proceeded B.D. in 1591. In 1598 he was chosen preacher of St. Mary's, Bury St. Edmunds. He died at Bury on 2 Aug. 1601, and was buried in his church, where a monument, with a Latin inscription composed by Dr. Joseph Hall, bishop of Norwich, was erected to his memory.

His widow, Triphosa, became the second wife of Matthew Clarke, M.A. of Christ's College, Cambridge, twice mayor of Lynn Regis, and M.P. for that borough.

He wrote: 1. ‘An Exposition on Psalm 51.’ 2. ‘An Exposition on the Ten Commandments.’ 3. ‘An Exposition on the Lord's Supper.’ 4. ‘The Doctrine of Faith; or an Exposition on the Creed.’ 5. ‘Exposition on the first part of the 119th Psalm.’ 6. ‘The History of the Gospel.’ 7. ‘Exposition on 1 Peter i. 13.’ All the foregoing works were printed in one volume, London, 1603, 4to. 8. ‘De Certitudine Salvtis, et perseverantia Sanctorum non intercisa, Oratio eximia Cantabrigiæ habita a D. Esteio Theologo summo: qua, non securitatem perversam, sed maximum pietatis zelum, certitudinis hujus genuinum fructum demonstrat.’ In ‘De Arminii Sententia qua electionem omnem particularem, fidei prævisæ docet inniti, Disceptatio Scholastica inter Nicolavm Grevinchovium Roterodamum, et Gulielmum Amesium Anglum,’ Amsterdam, 1613, pp. 59–70; and in Matthew Hutton's ‘Brevis et dilucida explicatio veræ, certæ, et consolationis plenæ doctrinæ de electione, prædestinatione, ac reprobatione,’ Harderwick, 1613, p. 45. It seems that this or another treatise by Estye on the same subject is printed in Robert Some's ‘De mortis Christi merito et efficacia, remissionis peccatorum per fidem certitudine, et justificantis fidei perseverantia, tres quæstiones,’ Harderwick, 1613.

[Addit. MS. 19165, f. 129; Ames's Typogr. Antiq. (Herbert), p. 1425 n.; Carter's Cambridge, p. 117; Cole's MS. xxviii. 210; Cooper's Athenæ Cantabr. ii. 319; Mackerell's Lynn, p. 107; Tanner's Bibl. Brit. p. 265; Taylor's Lynn, p. 79; Tymms's St. Mary, Bury, pp. 114, 188, 203.] 

ETHELBALD or ÆTHELBALD (d. 757), king of the Mercians, the son of Alweo, the son of Eawa, a younger brother of the Mercian king Penda, was in early life driven from Mercia by Ceolred, the grandson of Penda, and took refuge in the fen-country. While there he often visited at Crowland the hermit Guthlac, who also belonged to the royal house of Mercia. Guthlac comforted him in his exile, and is said to have prophesied that he would one day become king not by violence but by the act of God; and so it was that when Ceolred died in 716 he succeeded quietly to the throne of Mercia (Acta SS. April. ii. 37; the story is also told in the romance of the pseudo-Ingulf, ed. Savile, p. 850 sq.; the date of Æthelbald's accession is fixed by, Hist. Eccl. v. 24, and A.-S. Chron. sub an.) Æthelbald, who is described as a brave and impetuous warrior, carried on the extension of the Mercian power with such energy and success, that in 731 he was acknowledged as overlord by all the kings and peoples of southern England as far north as the Humber (, v. 23), and in a charter of about this time styles himself ‘king not only of the Mercians, but also of all the provinces that are called by the common name of South-English’ (, Codex Dipl. p. 83). Many wars had been waged between the Mercians and the West-Saxons, each people striving to advance their boundary at the expense of the other. The resignation of Ine, and the civil discord that had followed it, had given Æthelbald the opportunity for compelling the West-Saxons to acknowledge his superiority, and he further took advantage of embarrassments of Æthelheard, Ine's successor, to invade his kingdom. In 733 he took ‘Sumertun,’ which it seems reasonable to identify with Somerton in Somersetshire (A.-S. Chron. sub an.; Making of England, p. 394. It has, however, been contended that it was Somerton, near Oxford. This theory has been refuted satisfactorily by Mr. J. Parker; but on the strength of a notice of the extent of Æthelbald's power given by Henry of Huntingdon, which he fails to see is merely a version of the passage in Bæda referred to above, and 