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 faults of an ambassador who leaned to an amicable settlement of the Anglo-Spanish relations. A month later Fanshawe and his wife took part in the festivities which celebrated the marriage by proxy of the Infanta Donna Maria with the emperor, and were busy with leave-takings of their numerous friends among the Spanish nobility. On 28 May Lord Sandwich arrived and gave Fanshawe his formal letters of recall. On 5 June Fanshawe entertained his successor, and on the 10th introduced him to the king. Sixteen days later Fanshawe was seized with ague, and on 26 June (16 June O.S.), the ague having developed into an inward fever, he died at his house in the Siete Chimineos. He had made arrangements for returning to England fifteen days later. After the body was embalmed and a funeral sermon preached over it (4 July) by his chaplain, Henry Bagshaw [q. v.], it was sent to Bilbao. The sermon was published in London in 1667, with a dedication to the widow.

The queen-mother offered Lady Fanshawe and her children a residence at Madrid and a pension of thirty thousand ducats a year if they would become Roman catholics; but this offer was politely refused. On 8 July Lady Fanshawe, who never quite recovered the shock of her bereavement, quietly left Madrid after receiving many visits of condolence and gifts from the royal family. Want of money greatly embarrassed her, and she had to sell the queen-mother's gift and her own plate to defray the pressing expenses of travel. She reached Bilbao on 21 July; stayed there till 3 Oct.; arrived at Paris on 30 Oct., and on 12 Nov. landed at the Tower Wharf. On 16 Nov. her husband's body, which had been taken to his house in Lincoln's Inn Fields, was buried in All Hallows Church, Hertford. A week later Lady Fanshawe waited on the king and claimed payment both of her husband's salary, which was 2,000l. in arrears, and of a sum of 5,815l. spent by him in the public service. Charles II made lavish promises of speedy settlement. Administration was granted her on 2 March 1666–7 of her husband's property, which was devised to her as sole executrix by a nuncupative will made on the day of his death. In spite of offers of aid from Arlington and Lord-treasurer Southampton, she encountered every difficulty in her endeavour to recover her husband's debts from the crown. Finally, in December 1669, she received 5,600l., which left 2,000l. unpaid.

In 1667 Lady Fanshawe took a house in Holborn Row, Lincoln's Inn. In 1668 she hired a house and grounds at Harting Sudbury, Hertfordshire, so as to be near her father, who lived two miles off at Balls. But her father died on 28 Sept. 1670. Overwhelmed with sorrow, she abandoned her new residence and for six months was ‘sick almost to death.’ On recovering she bought a site in St. Mary's Chapel of Ware Church, and removed her husband's body there (18 May 1671), where an elaborate monument was erected with a long Latin inscription. In 1676 she wrote a memoir of her husband for her only surviving son, Richard. She died on 30 Jan. 1679–80, in her fifty-fifth year, and was buried in Ware Church, by her husband. She bequeathed by her will, dated 30 Oct. 1679, her chief property, most of which came to her on her father's death, to her son, Richard, together with Lely's portrait of her husband, Teniers's portrait of herself, her husband's books, manuscripts, writings, sticks, guns, swords, and trimming instruments (, p. 667). To her daughter Katharine, sole executrix, she left, besides a pecuniary bequest, the works written by herself or her daughters. Two other daughters, Anne and Elizabeth, received 600l. apiece. She desired all her children to wear mourning for her for three years, unless they married in the interval. A fourth surviving daughter, Margaret, was not mentioned in the will.

Lady Fanshawe was the mother of six sons and eight daughters, but five sons and four daughters died before her husband (Harrison, 22 Feb.–9 March 1644–5; Henry, 1647–1650; Richard, 1648–1650; Henry, 1657–1658; Richard, d 1663; Anne, 1646–1654, buried in the church of Tankersley; Elizabeth, 1649–1650; Elizabeth, 1650–1656; Mary, 1656–1660, buried in All Saints' Church, Hertford). The surviving son, Richard, the youngest child, born at Madrid on 6 Aug. 1665, succeeded as second baronet, is said to have become both deaf and dumb owing to a fever, died unmarried in Clerkenwell, and was buried at Ware on 12 July 1694. Of the surviving daughters, Katharine, born on 30 July 1652, was alive unmarried in May 1705; Margaret, whom Lady Fanshawe overlooks in her will, born at Tankersley on 8 Oct. 1653, married Vincent Grantham of Goltho, Lincolnshire, before 1676, and was alive in May 1705; Ann, born at Frog Pool, Kent, on 22 Feb. 1654–5, married, after October 1679, one Ryder, by whom she had a daughter, Ann Lawrence, who with her mother was living in May 1705; Elizabeth was born on 22 Feb. 1662. Mrs. Manley, in her scandalous ‘New Atalantis,’ first issued about 1700, gives unfavourable accounts (iv. 64–100, 7th ed.) of the daughters Margaret and Elizabeth. The former, she declares, was not married to the man who passed as her husband, and who