Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 16.djvu/82

 posed of the prologue and epilogue to ‘Amboyna’ (1673). Other spurious poems are in the same collection.

Dryden's poetical translations are: 1. ‘Juvenal and Persius,’ 1693 (the 1st, 3rd, 6th, 10th, and 16th Satire of Juvenal, all Persius, and the ‘Essay on Satire’ prefixed, are by Dryden; the 7th Satire of Juvenal by his son Charles, and the 14th by his son John). 2. ‘Virgil,’ 1697 (Knightly Chetwood wrote the life of Virgil, Walsh the preface to the ‘Pastorals,’ and Addison the preface to the ‘Georgics’). 3. ‘Fables, Ancient and Modern, translated into Verse from Homer (the first Iliad), Ovid, Boccaccio, and Chaucer, with Original Poems,’ 1700.

Dryden also contributed the preface and two epistles to the translation of Ovid's Epistles (1680), and other translations are in the ‘Miscellany Poems.’ The first volume of these appeared in 1684, containing reprints of his Satires, with translations from Ovid, Theocritus, and Virgil, and some prologues and epilogues. The second volume, with the additional title ‘Sylvæ,’ appeared in 1685, containing translations from the ‘Æneid,’ Theocritus, and Horace. The third, with the additional title ‘Examen Poeticum,’ appeared in 1693, containing translations from Ovid's ‘Metamorphoses,’ the ‘Veni, Creator Spiritus,’ epitaphs, and ‘Hector and Andromache’ from the 6th Iliad. The fourth, called also the ‘Annual Miscellany,’ appeared in 1694, and contained a translation of the ‘Georgics,’ bk. iii. Dryden was the author of nearly all the poems in the first two volumes, but only contributed a few poems to the others. A fifth volume, by other writers, appeared in 1704, and a sixth in 1706.

Dryden's prose works, besides the prefaces to plays, &c., mentioned above, included a life of Plutarch, prefixed to translation by various hands, 1683; a translation from Maimbourg's ‘History of the League,’ 1684; ‘Defence of Papers written by the late King …,’ 1686; translation of Bohours's ‘Life of Xavier,’ 1688; preface to Walsh's ‘Dialogue concerning Women,’ 1691; a character of St. Evremont, prefixed to St. Evremont's ‘Miscellaneous Essays,’ 1692; a character of Polybius, prefixed to a translation by Sir Henry Sheere, 1693; and a prose translation of Dufresnoy's ‘Art of Painting,’ 1695.

In 1701 Tonson published his dramatic works in 1 vol. folio; an edition in 6 vols. 12mo, edited by Congreve, appeared in 1717. In 1701 Tonson also published his ‘Poems on Various Occasions’ in 1 vol. folio; an edition in 2 vols. 12mo appeared in 1742; and an edition in 4 vols. (edited by S. Derrick) in 1760. Malone published the ‘Critical and Miscellaneous Prose Works’ in 4 vols. 8vo in 1800. An edition of the whole works, edited by Scott, in 18 vols. 8vo, appeared in 1808; it was reprinted in 1821, and was reissued, edited by Mr. G. Saintsbury, in 1884, &c.

[Perfunctory lives of Dryden are in Cibber's Lives of the Poets (1753) and in Derrick's Collective Edition of Dryden's Poems (1760). The first important life was Johnson's admirable performance in the Lives of the Poets (1779–81). The editions by Peter Cunningham (1854) and by Birkbeck Hill (1905) contain some new facts. Malone's badly written but full life (1800) forms vol. i. of the Miscellaneous Prose Works. Scott prefixed an excellent life to the edition of Dryden's Complete Works (1808). The lives by Robert Bell prefixed to the Aldine edition (1854), and especially that by W. D. Christie prefixed to the Globe edition of Dryden's Poems (1870), are worth consulting. See also Dryden by G. Saintsbury in the English Men of Letters Series, and a valuable study of Dryden and his contemporaries in Le Public et les Hommes de Lettres en Angleterre (1660–1744), by Alexandre Beljame (1881).] 

DRYSDALE, JOHN, D.D. (1718–1788), Scottish divine, third son of the Rev. John Drysdale, by Anne, daughter of William Ferguson, was born at Kirkaldy on 29 April 1718, and educated at the parish school in that town. Among his schoolfellows was Adam Smith, with whom he formed a friendship which was preserved throughout life. In 1732 he proceeded to the university of Edinburgh, where he read classics, philosophy, and theology, but took no degree. In 1740 he took orders in the established church of Scotland. For some years he officiated as assistant to the Rev. James Bannatyne, minister of the college church, Edinburgh, and in 1748 he obtained, through the interest of the Earl of Hopetoun, the living of Kirkliston in Linlithgowshire, of which the presentation was in the crown. In 1762 he was presented by the town council of Edinburgh to Lady Yester's Church. A lawsuit took place upon his appointment, the House of Lords ultimately deciding against the claim of the ministers and elders to have a joint right with the council. The call was sustained in the general assembly, even by the opponents of the claim, and Drysdale was admitted 14 Aug. 1764. On 15 April 1765 he received from Marischal College, Aberdeen, the diploma of D.D. In 1767 he vacated Lady Yester's Church to succeed Dr. John Jardine as one of the ministers of the Tron Church, Edinburgh. He was afterwards preferred, on the recommendation of Dr. Robertson, the eminent historian, to a royal chaplaincy, to which