Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 16.djvu/71

Dryander of his adoption. Dry married Clara, daughter of George Meredith of Cambria, Great Swan Port, but left no issue.

[Fenton's Hist. of Tasmania (1884), passim; Melbourne Age for 9 Aug. 1869, p. 3; Heaton's Australian Dict. of Dates (1879), p. 58; West's Hist. of Tasmania (1852), i. 252; London Gazette, 1858, vol. i. pt. ii. p. 1415.]  DRYANDER, JONAS (1748–1810), botanist, was born in Sweden in 1748. He was sent by his uncle, Dr. Lars Montin, to whom his education was entrusted, first to the university of Gottenburg and afterwards to that of Lund, where he graduated in 1776, his thesis being published as ‘Dissertatio Gradualis Fungos regno vegetabili vindicans,’ Lund, 4to, 1776. Attracted by the fame of Linnæus, he then proceeded to Upsala, and having subsequently acted as tutor to a nobleman he came to England, and in 1782, on the death of his friend Solander, succeeded him as librarian to Sir Joseph Banks at Dean Street, Soho. Dryander afterwards became librarian to the Royal Society, and was one of the original fellows, the first librarian, and a vice-president of the Linnean Society, founded by his friend, Sir J. E. Smith, in 1788. When the society was incorporated in 1802, Dryander was the chief author of its laws. He was the main author of the first edition of Aiton's ‘Hortus Kewensis,’ published in 1789, and of part of the second edition, issued between 1810 and 1813, and he edited Roxburgh's ‘Plants of the Coromandel Coast,’ between 1795 and 1798; but his ‘magnum opus’ was the ‘Catalogus Bibliothecæ Historico-Naturalis Josephi Banks, Baronetti,’ London, 1796–1800, 5 vols., of which Sir James Smith writes that ‘a work so ingenious in design and so perfect in execution can scarcely be produced in any science.’ Dryander died at the Linnean Society's house in Soho Square 19 Oct. 1810. A portrait of him by George Dance, 1796, was lithographed by W. Daniell in 1812, and his services to botany were commemorated by his friend Thunberg in the genus Dryandra, a group of South African Proteaceæ.

[Mem. and Corresp. of Sir J. E. Smith, i. 165; Nichols's Lit. Anecd. ix. 43; Encyclopædia Britannica.]  DRYDEN, JOHN (1631–1700), poet, was born 9 Aug. 1631 at Aldwinkle All Saints, Northamptonshire (the precise day is doubtful:, p. 5). His father was Erasmus, third son of Sir Erasmus Dryden, bart., of Canons Ashby, Northamptonshire; his mother was Mary, daughter of Henry Pickering, rector of Aldwinkle from 1597 to 1637, in which year he died, aged 75. Erasmus and Mary Dryden were married 21 Oct. 1630 at Pilton, near Aldwinkle (Notes and Queries, 2nd ser. xii. 207). The Drydens (or Dridens), originally settled in Cumberland, had moved into Northamptonshire about the middle of the sixteenth century. Erasmus Dryden after his marriage lived at Tichmarsh, where the Pickerings had a seat. John Dryden had 'his first learning' at Tichmarsh, where his parents were buried, and where, in 1722, a monument was erected to him and them by Elizabeth Creed, daughter of his first cousin, Sir Gilbert Pickering. He was admitted to a scholarship at Westminster; Busby was his head-master, and Locke and South among his contemporaries. He was elected to a scholarship at Trinity College, Cambridge, admitted 11 May, and matriculated 6 July, 1650. Dryden remembered Busby's floggings till the day of his death (To Montague, October 1699), but sent his two eldest sons to the school. Two letters addressed to Busby about these boys in 1682 show that Dryden respected his old master, to whom he inscribed the translation of the fifth satire of Persius in 1693. Dryden, as appears from a note to the translation of the third satire, had translated it for Busby when a schoolboy, and performed many similar exercises. Dryden also contributed an elegy in 1649 to the 'Tears of the Muses on the death of Henry, Lord Hastings;' and in 1650 prefixed a commendatory poem to the 'Epigrams' of John Hoddesdon. The only known fact about his academical career is that in July 1652 he was 'discommuned,' and had to apologise in hall for contumacy to the vice-master. Some perversion of this story probably gave rise to the scandal told by Shadwell that he had been in danger of expulsion for saucily traducing a 'nobleman' (, Medal of John Bayes). He graduated as B.A. in January 1654, but never obtained a fellowship,

Dryden's father died in June 1654, and left a small estate at Blakesley to his son. Malone etimates this at 60l. a year, of which 20l. went to his mother until her death in 1676 (, pp.440-l). Dryden, for whatever cause, did not proceed to his M.A. degree, probably, as Christie suggests, because the fee then payable by the owner of a life estate would have swallowed up seven-eighths of his yearly income. A letter, written in 1655 to his cousin Honor, daughter of his uncle Sir John Dryden, in the conventional language of contemporary gallantry, indicates a passing fit of lovemaking of no importance. The lady, who was a beauty remained unmarried, and died about 1714 at Shrewsbury, Dryde, i. 19). On leaving Cambridge Dryden seems to have 'found employ-