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 likelihood of being remembered. These were begun in 1775, partially printed in 1802, then suppressed, and finally published in 1805, under the title of ‘Mémoires d'un Voyageur qui se repose,’ translated as ‘Memoirs of a Traveller now in Retirement.’ He calls himself throughout ‘Duchillon,’ a name taken from an estate that had been long in the family. He tells very openly the history of his attachments and his other adventures. Considering the opportunities he had through life and the character of the society in which he moved, the volumes, though interesting, are less valuable than might be expected. In the course of the work he has a chapter on the Man in the Iron Mask, whom he decides to have been a minister of the Duke of Mantua. As a kind of supplement, a volume entitled ‘Dutensiana’ follows the memoirs, which consists of a separate collection of anecdotes and observations. There is a good mezzotint of Dutens by Fisher, published January 1777.

The following are the most important works that he published; most of them appeared first in French, and then were translated into English: 1. ‘Caprices poétiques,’ 1750. 2. ‘Recherches sur l'origine des Découvertes attribuées aux Modernes,’ 1766, translated with additions in 1769. 3. ‘Institutions leibnitziennes ou précis de la monadologie,’ Lyon, 1767. 4. ‘Poésies diverses,’ 1767. 5. Edition of Leibnitz, Geneva, 1769. 6. ‘Le Tocsin,’ Paris, 1769, re-edited under the title ‘Appel au bon sens,’ 1777; translated, London, 1798, 1800. 7. ‘La Logique ou l'art de raisonner.’ 8. ‘Explication de quelques médailles de Peuples, de Rois, et de Villes Grecques et Phéniciennes,’ 1773. 9. ‘Du miroir ardent d'Archimède,’ 1775. 10. ‘Itineraire des routes les plus frequentées, ou Journal d'un voyage aux villes principales de l'Europe en 1768–71.’ Paris, 1775, London, 1778, translated 1782. 11. An edition of Dacier's translation of Epictetus, Paris, 1775. 12. ‘Des pierres précieuses et des pierres fines,’ Paris, 1776, London, 1777. 13. An edition of Longus, Paris, 1776. 14. ‘Lettres à M. Debure sur la réfutation du livre de l'esprit par J. J. Rousseau,’ Paris, 1779. 15. ‘De l'Eglise, du Pape, de quelques points de controverse et des moyens de réunion entre toutes les églises chrétiennes,’ Geneva, 1781. E. D. Clarke, the traveller, states that Plato, the archbishop of Moscow, complained that in this work Dutens published his correspondence without his leave. But Dutens showed that he had received no letters from the archbishop, and what he did publish was a ‘Profession of Faith of the Russian Greek Church,’ which the archbishop had sent him (Gent. Mag. lxxx. pt. ii. 641). 16. ‘Œuvres mêlées,’ Geneva, 1784, London, 1797. 17. ‘L'ami des étrangers qui voyagent en Angleterre,’ London, 1787. 18. ‘Histoire de ce qui s'est passé pour l'établissement d'une régence en Angleterre,’ London and Paris, 1789, translated under the title ‘An History of the … Period from the beginning of his Majesty's illness … to the appointment of a Regent.’ This caused him the loss of the favour of the Prince of Wales, whom he had known for some years. 19. ‘Table généalogique des héros des romans’ (n.d.), 2nd edition, 1796. 20. ‘Recherches sur le temps le plus reculé de l'usage des voûtes chez les anciens,’ 1795, translated under the title ‘Inquiries into the Antiquity of Vaults among the Ancients,’ London, 1805. 21. ‘Mémoires d'un voyageur qui se repose,’ 1805. Besides these he wrote tracts ‘sur l'arbre généalogique des Scipions,’ on the means of securing brick buildings from fire, on the chess automaton, and a catalogue ‘des médailles qu'on trouve dans les voyages de Swinburne,’ &c. He also wrote the French version of the account of the Marlborough gems, 1791.

[Biographie Universelle; Haag's La France Protestante, where he is called ‘Du Tens ou Du Tems;’ Memoirs of a Traveller now in Retirement, London, 1806; Gent. Mag. lxxxii. pt. ii. 197, 391 (1812); Beloe's Sexagenarian (1817), ii. 99–104; Dibdin's Bibliographical Decameron, iii. 92, 93.] 

DUVAL, CHARLES ALLEN (1808–1872), painter, was born in Ireland in 1808. When a young man he went to Liverpool uncertain whether to turn his attention to art or to literature, but both were for a time cast aside for the rough life of a sailor. This, however, did not long prove attractive, and he settled as an artist in Liverpool, eventually removing to Manchester about 1833, where he continued to reside and practise as a portrait and subject painter till his death at Alderley, Cheshire, on 14 June 1872.

Duval exhibited at the Royal Academy from 1836 to 1872 (twenty pictures) both portraits and subject pictures, and as regularly in the local exhibitions at Liverpool and Manchester. His portraits are good likenesses, and have considerable artistic merit, particularly his chalk studies of children. One of the earliest commissions Duval received was from Mr. Daniel Lee for a portrait of Daniel O'Connell, who would only grant a sitting of two hours and a half; but the artist not only possessed a wonderful facility for catching expression, but also for rapid work, and the result was a characteristic portrait. He had previously painted a picture containing one hundred portraits of the leading Wesleyans in the