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 ford commanded Manchester's foot. His kinsman, Lieutenant-colonel Skeldon Crawford, who commanded a regiment of dragoons on the left wing, brought a charge of cowardice against Cromwell (ib. ii. 218). Later Lawrence Crawford also, in conversation with Holles, told a story of the same kind (, Memoirs, p. 16). After the capture of York, Manchester sent Crawford to take the small royalist garrisons to the south of it, and he took in succession Sheffield, Staveley, Bolsover, and Welbeck (, v. 642–5). In September the quarrel with Cromwell broke out with renewed virulence. Cromwell demanded that Crawford should be cashiered, and threatened that in the event of a refusal his colonels would lay down their commissions (, ii. 230). Though Cromwell was obliged to abandon this demand (, History of the Great Civil War, i. 479, 481), the second battle of Newbury gave occasion to a third quarrel. Cromwell accused Manchester of misconduct. Crawford wrote for Manchester a long narrative detailing all the incidents of the year's campaign, which could be used as counter-charges against Cromwell (Manchester's Quarrel with Cromwell, 58–70, Camden Society). The passing of the self-denying ordinance put an end to the separate command of the Earl of Manchester, and Crawford next appears as governor of Aylesbury. In the winter of 1645 he twice defeated Colonel Blague, the royalist governor of Wallingford (, Burning Bush, 98, 116;, Life, 20). In the same year, on 17 Aug., while taking part in the siege of Hereford, he was killed by a chance bullet, and was buried in Gloucester Cathedral (, Life, 23). His monument was removed at the Restoration, but his epitaph is preserved by Le Neve (Monumenta Anglicana, i. 220).



CRAWFORD, ROBERT (d. 1733), author of ‘Tweedside,’ ‘The Bush aboon Traquair,’ and several other well-known Scotch songs, originally contributed to Ramsay's ‘Tea-table Miscellany,’ under the signature ‘C.,’ was the second son of Patrick Crawford, merchant in Edinburgh (third son of David Crawford, sixth laird of Drumsoy), by his first wife, a daughter of Gordon of Turnberry. Patrick Crawford purchased the estate of Auchinames in 1715, as well as that of Drumsoy about 1731, which explains the statement of Burns that the son Robert was of the house of Auchinames, generally regarded as entirely erroneous. Stenhouse and others, from misreading a reference to a William Crawford in a letter from Hamilton of Bangor to Lord Kames (Life of Lord Kames, i. 97), have erroneously given William as the name of the author of the songs. That Robert Crawford above mentioned was the author is supported by two explicit testimonies both communicated to Robert Burns: that of Tytler of Woodhouslee, who, as Burns states, was ‘most intimately acquainted with Allan Ramsay,’ and that of Ramsay of Ochtertyre, who in a letter to Dr. Blacklock, 27 Oct. 1787, asks him to inform Burns that Colonel Edmestone told him that the author was not, as had been rumoured, his cousin Colonel George Crawford, who was ‘no poet though a great singer of songs,’ but the ‘elder brother, Robert, by a former marriage.’ Ramsay adds that Crawford was ‘a pretty young man and lived in France,’ and Burns states, on the authority of Tytler, that he was ‘unfortunately drowned coming from France.’ According to an obituary manuscript which was in the possession of Charles Mackay, professor of civil history in the university of Edinburgh, this took place in May 1733. Burns, with his usual generous appreciation, remarks that ‘the beautiful song of “Tweedside” does great honour to his poetical talents.’ Most of Crawford's songs were also published with music in the ‘Orpheus Caledonius’ and in Johnson's ‘Musical Museum.’



CRAUFORD or CRAUFURD, THOMAS (1530?–1603), of Jordanhill, captor of the castle of Dumbarton, was the sixth son of Lawrence Crawford of Kilbirnie, ancestor of the Viscounts Garnock, and his wife Helen, daughter of Sir Hugh Campbell, ancestor of the Earls of Loudoun. He was taken prisoner at the battle of Pinkie in 1547, but some time afterwards obtained his liberty by paying a ransom. In 1550 he went to France, where he entered the service of Henry II, under the command of James, second earl of Arran. Returning to Scotland with Queen Mary in 1561, he afterwards became one of the gentlemen of Darnley, the queen's husband, and seems to have shared his special confidence. When the queen set out in January 1566–7 to visit Darnley during his illness at Glasgow, Crawford was sent by Darnley to make