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 for Hull, and others. For a considerable portion of this period he resided in London. He modelled a colossal bust of the Duke of Wellington, and executed the statue of Major John Cartwright, LL.P., the champion of radical reform [q. v.], which was set up in 1831 in Burton Crescent, in front of the house in which Cartwright died, and is generally considered to be his best work. Clarke, who had earned the name of the ‘Birmingham Chantrey,’ was engaged by the committee to cast the foliage on the capital of the Nelson column in Trafalgar Square. He had succeeded in completing two of the leaves, a very arduous task, when, on 12 March 1842, he was seized with sudden illness, while in a shop at Birmingham, whither he had returned, and died in a very short time, aged 46, leaving a large family totally unprovided for. He showed great promise as an artist, and would probably have risen to some eminence in his profession.

 CLARKE, HARRIET LUDLOW (d. 1866), artist and wood engraver, was the fourth daughter of Edward Clarke, a solicitor in London. Having a turn for art, and wishing to earn an independent living, she adopted about 1837 the practice, unusual for a woman, of engraving on wood. She attracted the notice of William Harvey, the eminent wood engraver, and in 1838 executed a large cut from his design in the ‘Penny Magazine.' By the help of his instruction, and by her own industry, she was enabled to realise a considerable financial reward for her labours, and this she employed on the erection of some model labourers’ dwellings at Cheshunt. Among her numerous friends she counted Mrs. Jameson, for whom she executed some of the illustrations to ‘Sacred and Legendary Art.’ Not satisfied with her success in this department of art, she aspired to become a designer and painter on lass, and laboured hard by constant study at home and abroad to master the principles of this art. She was assisted in her endeavours by Mr. Wailes of Newcastle, himself a successful artist in stained glass. About 1851 she executed a window in St. Martin's Church, Canterbury, for the Hon. Daniel Finch, who was then engaged in the restoration of that ancient edifice; it represents St. Martin dividing his cloak with a beggar. From 1852 to 1854 she was employed on two windows, commissioned by Mr. Henry Berens, for the new church of Sidcup, near Foots Cray in Kent, and on that gentleman's death she received a further commission for a window in the same church, erected by subscription, to his memory. She executed for the gueen a large window in the church of North Marston, Buckinghamshire, to commemorate the bequest to her majesty by Mr. Neald of an estate in that The Rev. Robert Moore employed her to execute a large window in the north-west transept of Canterbury Cathedral, representing the history of St. Thomas à Becket. She prepared full-sized cartoons in colour for this, but failing health prevented her from executing her designs on glass, which were carried out by Mr. Hughes of Frith Street, Soho, the window being put up in May 1863. From this time Miss Clarke was prevented by increasing ill-health and suffering from pursuing her artistic professions. She died 19 Jan. 1866, at Cannes. Her work shows considerable talent, and her industry was indefatigable, but she was deficient in real genius and originality. Besides the windows mentioned, there is a small memorial window by her in the aforesaid church of St. Martin’s at Canterbury.

 CLARKE, HENRY (1743–1818), mathematician, was born at Salford in 1743, and baptised 17 April. He was educated at the Manchester grammar school; was very precocious, and at the age of thirteen became assistant in the academy of Aaron Grimshaw, a quaker at Leeds. Here he made the acquaintance of Priestley. After a brief partnership with Robert Pulman, a schoolmaster at Sedbergh, he travelled on the continent, and returned to settle as a land surveyor at Manchester. On 2 April 1766 he married Martha Randle of the same place. He again became a schoolmaster, and the rest of his life was spent in various educational posts. He first had a ‘commercial and mathematical’ school in Salford, giving lectures on astronomy and other scientific subjects. In 1783 he became ‘prælector in mathematics and experimental philosophy’ in the ‘College of Arts and Sciences’ at Manchester, a body anticipating the Royal Institution, which only lasted a few years. Clarke's school was not profitable, and in 1788 he was an unsuccessful candidate for the mastership of a school at Stretford, worth 60l. a year. Some time before 1793 Clarke moved to Liverpool, and, after returning to Manchester, was at Bristol from 1799 till 1802.