Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 09.djvu/87

 Kent. On 29 June 1608 he obtained a prebendal stall at Canterbury; and he was nominated one of the first fellows of Chelsea College, projected by Dr. Matthew Sutcliffe as a seminary for able defenders of the protestant religion.

At this period he believed that a union might be effected between the church of England and the Roman church, but when he perceived that this was impossible, he obtained the king's leave to go to Spa for the benefit of his health, really intending to study the actual working of catholicism abroad (A Treatise written by Mr. Doctour Carier, p. 12). He soon resolved to join the Roman communion, and proceeded from Spa to Cologne, where he placed himself in the hands of Father Copperus, rector of the Jesuit College. King James ordered Isaac Casaubon and others to write to him (August 1613), with a peremptory injunction to return to England. Carier at first gave no positive answer, either as to his returning or to the suspicions concerning his religion; but when his conversion could be kept a secret no longer, it was highly resented by the king. In his printed ‘Missive,’ addressed to the king from Liège, 12 Dec. 1613, he says: ‘I haue sent you my soule in this Treatize, and if it may find entertainment, and passage, my bodie shal most gladly follow after.’

He received several congratulatory letters upon his conversion from Rome, Paris, and several other places. Cardinal du Perron invited him to France, desiring to have his assistance in some work which he was publishing against King James. Carier accepted the invitation, and died in Paris before midsummer 1614 (Reliquiæ Wottonianæ, ed. 1685, p. 438), though another account states that his death occurred at Liège (Harl. MS. 7035, p. 189).

His works are: 1. ‘Ad Christianam Sapientiam brevis Introductio,’ a treatise written for the use of Prince Henry, and preserved in manuscript in the library of Trinity College, Cambridge. 2. ‘A Treatise written by Mr. Doctour Carier, wherein he layeth downe sundry learned and pithy considerations, by which he was moued, to forsake the Protestant Congregation, and to betake hym selfe to the Catholicke Apostolicke Roman church’ (Liège, 1613), 4to; reprinted under the title of ‘A Carrier to a King; or, Doctour Carrier (chaplayne to K. Iames of happy memory), his Motiues of renoncing the Protestant Religion, & imbracing the Cath. Roman’ (Lond.?) 1632, 12mo; again reprinted with the title of ‘A Missive to His Majesty of Great Britain, King James, written divers years since, by Doctor Carier,’ Lond. 1649, 1687, 4to, with a long preface by N. Strange, and a list of university men and ministers who were converts to catholicism. An elaborate answer by Dr. George Hakewill to Carier's ‘Treatise’ was published at London in 1616. 3. ‘A Letter of the miserable Ends of such as impugn the Catholick Faith,’ 1615, 4to.

 CARILEF, WILLIAM (d. 1096), bishop of Durham, began his ecclesiastical career as a secular priest in the church of Bayeux, but was moved by the example of his father to become a monk in the monastery of St. Carilef, now St. Calais, in the county of Maine. He showed great diligence in discharging his monastic duties, and rapidly rose to hold office in his monastery till he succeeded to the dignity of prior. His fame spread, and he was chosen abbot of the neighbouring monastery of St. Vincent. His practical capacity commended him to the notice of William the Conqueror, who in 1080 appointed him bishop of Durham, to which office William was consecrated on 3 Jan. 1081. He succeeded to a troubled diocese, where his predecessor Walcher had been murdered by his unruly people. He set to work at once to carry out a change which Walcher had contemplated, the substitution in the church of Durham of regular for secular canons. Monasticism had revived in Northumberland through the influence of Aldwin, prior of Winchcombe, who with two companions had travelled to the north that he might rekindle the fervour of monastic life which he read in the pages of Bede. Aldwin and his followers settled at Jarrow and Wearmouth, where they rebuilt the ruined buildings and formed monastic settlements. Bishop William wished to gather these monks round the church of Durham and commit to their care the guardianship of St. Cuthbert's relics. He consulted King William and Queen Matilda, who advised him to act cautiously and obtain the sanction of the pope. Gregory VII readily assented to a change which favoured the spread of monasticism. In 1083 Bishop William substituted monks for secular canons in the church of Durham, and as the small