Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 09.djvu/204

 Hendon, and in 1791 published 'A Narrative of the loss of the Grosvenor, East Indiaman,' with plates. He died at Hendon in 1794, and was buried there on 19 Sept. in that year. [Redgrave's Dict, of English artists; Edward's Anecdotes of Painters; Heineken's Dictionnaire des Artistes, vol. iii.; Fiorillo's Geschichte der Mahlerey in Gross-Britannien; Catalogues of the Royal Academy and other Exhibitions; Morant's History and Antiquities of Colchester; Registers of St. James's Church, Colchester, and of Hendon Church; Brit. Mus. Cat. of Printed Books.]  CARTER, HARRY WILLIAM (1787–1863), physician, was born at Canterbury on 7 Sept. 1787, being the son of William Carter, M.D., formerly fellow of Oriel College, Oxford. After education at the King's School, Canterbury, he went to Oriel College, Oxford, where he graduated B.A. 1807, M.A. 1810, M.B. 1811. In 1812 he was elected a Radcliffe travelling fellow, and spent several years afterwards on the continent. He became fellow of the London College of Physicians in 1825. He settled at Canterbury, was appointed physician to the Kent and Canterbury Hospital in 1819, and retired from practice in 1835, after this date residing at Kennington Hall, near Ashford, where he died on 16 July 1863.

In 1821 Carter published ‘A Short Account of some of the Principal Hospitals of France, Italy, Switzerland, and the Netherlands, with remarks on the Climate and Diseases of these Countries.’ He also contributed some essays to the ‘Cyclopædia of Practical Medicine.’ 

CARTER, HENRY, otherwise Author:Frank Leslie (1821–1880), son of Joseph Carter, glove manufacturer, was born at Ipswich in 1821. He passed his boyhood in his father's factory to learn the glove-making business, and that he might perfect himself in it was sent to London at seventeen years of age to the care of an uncle who had an extensive drapery establishment. Both at Ipswich and in London he indulged in a taste for drawing, sketching, and engraving, particularly on wood, and to escape the reproaches of his father and uncle, who had destined him for trade, he concealed his identity by the use of the name ‘Frank Leslie.’ In his twentieth year he began to practise art as his only pursuit in life. At this time also he married, the issue of the marriage being three sons; this union was, however, unfortunate from the commencement, and after nearly twenty years' continuance ended in a separation in 1860. In his career as an artist he first entered the establishment of the ‘Illustrated London News,’ whose engraving department was entrusted to his charge, and here he mastered the details relating to an illustrated paper. He emigrated to New York in 1848, and shortly after his arrival had his name, Henry Carter, changed into ‘Frank Leslie’ by a special act of the legislature. His first connection in America was with ‘Gleason's Pictorial,’ but in 1854, having accumulated a small capital, he began publishing on his own account. He commenced with the ‘Gazette of Fashion,’ which was soon afterwards followed by the ‘New York Journal.’ He purchased the ‘Journal’ for a low figure, and then by skilful management made it a paying property. The work, however, with which his name is more intimately associated in the public mind is ‘Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper,’ the first number of which was issued on 14 Dec. 1855. In this periodical he produced illustrations of current history, together with pictures copied from European journals. He invented for his establishment a new system of engraving large pictures. Finding that the constant work of an engraver was required for two weeks to produce a double-page illustration, he had the wood block cut into thirty-two squares and employed an engraver for each square. By this means the work was done in twenty-four hours, and the success of this method was at once so clearly apparent that it has long been generally adopted by the proprietors of illustrated newspapers. In 1865 he started the ‘Chimney Corner,’ the editing of which he entrusted to his second wife. He married her after the separation from the first had been legally effected, she also having been divorced from her husband, Ephraim George Squier, the archæologist. To her he assigned likewise the editing of the ‘Lady's Magazine,’ a continuation and enlargement of the ‘Gazette of Fashion.’ To these he then added in rapid succession the ‘Boys' and Girls' Weekly,’ ‘Pleasant Hours,’ the ‘Lady's Journal,’ edited also by Mrs. Leslie, the ‘Popular Monthly,’ the ‘Sunday Magazine,’ the ‘Budget of Wit and Chatterbox,’ and ‘Die illustrirte Zeitung.’ From these various publications, which proved generally profitable, he gathered a great deal of money. From the ‘Chimney Corner’ alone he is said to have cleared in one year 50,000 dollars. The war between the North and South was to him a field of most abundant harvest, the circulation of his papers, chiefly those that were illustrated, having during that period very greatly increased. He spent the money