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 in 1568 he preached two sermons at Bristol in defence of Calvin, against Richard Cheyney [q. v.], bishop of Gloucester, who then held Bristol in commendam. The bishop complains that Calfhill would not sup with him afterwards. His chief work was an ‘Answer to the Treatise of the Crosse’ (by John Martiall, who had dedicated his book to Queen Elizabeth upon hearing that she had retained the cross in her chapel. Martiall replied, and was answered by William Fulke), 1565. It was edited for the Parker Society by the Rev. Richard Gibbings in 1846. He also wrote: 1. ‘Querela Oxoniensis academiæ ad Cantabrigam’ (a Latin poem on the death of Henry and Charles Brandon), 1552. 2. ‘Historia de exhumatione Catherinæ nuper uxoris Pet. Martyris’ (included in a volume of pieces relating to Martin Bucer, edited by Conrade Hubert in 1562). It includes two Latin poems and two epigrams by Calfhill on the same occasion. Calfhill superintended the reinterment of Catharine Bucer's remains at Christ Church (, Acts and Mon. viii. 297). 3. ‘Poemata varia.’ He left in manuscript a ‘concio’ on occasion of his B.D. degree, now in the library of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, and ‘Sapientiæ Solomonis liber carmine redditus,’ dedicated to Queen Elizabeth, 15 May 1559, now in the British Museum (Royal MSS. 2 D ii.).

[Wood's Athenæ Oxon. (Bliss) i. 378; Biog. Brit. (Kippis); Cooper's Athenæ Cantab. i. 285; Le Neve's Fasti, ii. 342, 424, 519, iii. 65, 518; Newcourt's Repertorium, i. 92, 196, 272, ii. 69; Herbert's Ames, pp. 925, 1619; Parker Correspondence, p. 218; Cole MSS. xii. 161, xiv. 96; Manning and Bray's Surrey, iii. 44; Nichols's Progr. Eliz. (1823), i. 230, 243; Strype's Annals, I. i. 262, 353, 493, pt. ii. 200; State Papers, Dom. (1547–80), pp. 175, 242, 278; Boase's Register, p. 216.]  CALHOUN, PATRICK (1727–1796), American settler, was born in Ireland in 1727. His father emigrated in 1733 to Pennsylvania, and several years afterwards to the western part of Virginia. When that settlement, after the defeat of Braddock, was broken up by the Indians, the family removed to Long Cane, Abbeville, in the interior of South Carolina, on the confines of the Cherokee Indians. In the war of 1759 half of the settlement was destroyed, and the remnant retired to the older settlements, but on the conclusion of peace in 1763 Calhoun and others returned. Calhoun was appointed to the command of a body of rangers for the defence of the frontiers, in which he displayed great intrepidity and skill. He was the first member of the provincial legislature elected from the upper county of the state, and was afterwards elected to the state legislature, of which, with the intermission of a single term, he remained a member till his death. In the revolutionary war he took an active part on the patriot side. He died in 1796. By his wife, a Miss Caldwell, of Charlotte county, Va., he had several children, one of whom, John Caldwell Calhoun, became vice-president of the United States.

[Allen's American Biographical Dictionary; Von Holst's Life of John C. Calhoun (1882).]  CALKIN, JAMES (1786–1862), organist and composer, was born in London in 1786. He studied under Thomas Lyon and Dr. Crotch, and was one of the earliest members and directors of the Philharmonic Society. On the consecration of the Regent Square Church, Gray's Inn Road, Calkin was appointed organist, a post he held for thirty years. In 1846 his madrigal, ‘When Chloris weeps,’ gained a prize from the Western Madrigal Society. His long, uneventful life was almost entirely devoted to teaching, in which he acquired considerable reputation as a successful master. His compositions include an overture and symphony for orchestra, string quartets, and a large quantity of pianoforte music. Calkin died at 12 Oakley Square, Camden Town, in 1862.

[Information from Mr. J. B. Calkin; Baptie's Handbook of Musical Biography; Musical Directory.]  CALL, JOHN (1732–1801), first baronet, of Whiteford, Cornwall, Indian military engineer, was descended from an old family which, it is said, once owned considerable property in Devon and Cornwall. His father, John Call of Launcells, Cornwall, was in respectable but not affluent circumstances. Young Call was born at Fenny Park, near Tiverton, in 1732. It is believed that he was educated at Blundell's school in that town. When about seventeen he was recommended to the notice of Benjamin Robins, the celebrated mathematician, who at that time received the appointment of chief-engineer and captain-general of artillery in the East India Company's settlements. Robins left England in 1749, and arrived at Fort William in July 1750, bringing with him eight young writers, one of whom was Call, who acted as his secretary. Robins having died in July 1751, and war having commenced with the powers on the coast of Coromandel, Call, who was appointed a writer on the Madras establishment that year (, Madras, civ), was employed in the capacity of engineer to carry on 