Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 07.djvu/412

 Burnet Wilkie's ‘Blind Fiddler.’ Delighted with that painting, he was led to study the Dutch school, of which he became an ardent disciple. He did not join the Academy schools, but worked directly from nature. Living at Chelsea, he found his subjects in what then were the ‘pasture lands’ of Battersea and Fulham. In 1812 he first exhibited at the Royal Academy, his work being ‘Evening: Cattle returning home.’ Later he contributed ‘Midday,’ and ‘The Return in the Evening’ (1813), ‘Early Morning,’ and ‘The Ploughman returning home’ (1814). ‘Crossing the Brook,’ ‘Breaking the Ice,’ and ‘Milking-time’ were others of his works; all pictures of high promise. He was of delicate health. In consequence of an attack of consumption he removed from Chelsea to Lee, Kent, and there died in 1816. He was buried in Lewisham churchyard. Burnet was a painter from whom much might have been hoped. His work was based upon a loving study of nature and a reverent attention to the masterpieces of Dutch art. ‘He had a true feeling for the rural and picturesque; his pictures were rich and brilliant in colour, luminous and powerful in effect.’

[Bryan's Dict. of Painters; Redgrave's Dict. of Artists of Engl. School.]  BURNET, JOHN (1784–1868), painter and engraver, was born at Musselburgh, near Edinburgh, on 20 March 1784, and was the son of George and Anne Burnet. His father was surveyor-general of excise for Scotland. After receiving instruction from Mr. Leeshman, the master of Sir Walter Scott, he was apprenticed to Robert Scott [q. v.], landscape-engraver, and father of two well-known artists, the late David Scott, and William Bell Scott, still (1886) living. He at the same time studied painting at the Trustees' Academy, where he was the fellow-pupil of David Wilkie and William (afterwards Sir William) Allan, under John Graham. He served his full apprenticeship (seven years) to Scott, and worked early and late, but his double study of painting and engraving was thought by himself to have cramped his power in both. In 1806 he sailed to London in a Leith smack, where he arrived with only a few shillings in his pocket, and an impression from one of his plates for Cook's ‘Novelist.’ There he was warmly received by Wilkie, who had preceded him by a year, and, having already made his mark by ‘The Village Politicians,’ was then engaged on ‘The Blind Fiddler.’ After working for some years at small plates for the ‘Novelist,’ Britton and Brayley's ‘England and Wales,’ Mrs. Inchbald's ‘British Theatre,’ &c., he (in 1810) undertook his first large plate, which was after ‘The Jew's Harp’ by Wilkie, the first picture by that artist which was engraved. In his early small plates he followed the style of James Heath, and in ‘The Jew's Harp’ that of Le Bas. The latter brought him the acquaintance of William Sharp, the celebrated historical engraver, and its success led to the publication of others, the first of which was ‘The Blind Fiddler,’ for which he preferred to adopt the larger style of Cornelius Visscher. In consequence of the disapproval of Wilkie and Sir George Beaumont, the plate had to be retouched after the proofs had been struck off, so that there are two sets of proofs to this engraving. The first has, among other differences, the hat of the boy with the bellows in a single line. This plate becoming popular, a companion (‘The Village Politicians’) was proposed, but, owing to a dispute as to terms, it was executed by Raimbach instead of Burnet. Subsequently he engraved after Wilkie ‘The Reading of the Will,’ ‘The Chelsea Pensioners reading the Gazette of the Battle of Waterloo,’ ‘The Rabbit on the Wall,’ ‘The Letter of Introduction,’ ‘Sir David Baird discovering the Body of Tippoo Saib,’ and ‘The Village School.’ After the peace of 1813, when the Louvre was stored with masterpieces brought from all parts of Europe, Burnet took the opportunity of visiting Paris, and remained there for five months, copying and studying. Shortly afterwards he engraved several plates for Foster's ‘British Gallery,’ of which ‘The Letter-writer,’ after Metzu, and ‘The Salutation,’ after Rembrandt, are thought the best. He then joined an association of engravers who (with Mr. Sheepshanks's aid) brought out a series of engravings from pictures in the National Gallery. Burnet's plates were all from Rembrandt—the ‘Jew,’ the ‘Nativity,’ and the ‘Crucifixion.’ He also engraved ‘The Battle of Waterloo,’ after Atkinson, and the same subject after Devis, as well as some of his own pictures. Among the latter were ‘The Draught-players,’ ‘Feeding the Young Bird,’ ‘The Escape of the Mouse,’ ‘Christmas Eve,’ ‘The Valentine,’ and ‘The Greenwich Pensioners.’

As a painter Burnet is best known by his largest and most important work, ‘The Greenwich Pensioners,’ which was painted for the Duke of Wellington as a companion to Wilkie's ‘Chelsea Pensioners,’ and was exhibited at the British Institution in 1837 under the title of ‘Greenwich Hospital and Naval Heroes.’ At the Royal Academy he exhibited ‘The Draught-players’ (1808), ‘The Humourous Ballad’ (1818), and ‘A Windy 