Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 06.djvu/241

 The plate was partially engraved before the decision to put him in was arrived at, and a piece of copper had to be let in, as background details had been worked over the spot upon which Jenner's head and shoulders were subsequently placed.



BRANWHITE, PEREGRINE (1745–1795?), minor poet, was son of Rowland Branwhite and Sarah (Brooke) his wife, and was baptised at Lavenham in Suffolk 22 July 1745. He was brought up to the bombazine trade, which he carried on for some time at Norwich. He was not very successful, however, as he seems to have paid more attention to books than to the shop. He afterwards established a branch of the St. Anne's School (London) at Lavenham, and conducted it personally for some years. A year or two before his death he removed to Hackney, and died, in or about 1795, at 32 Primrose Street, Bishopsgate Street, London. He wrote:
 * 1) 'Thoughts on the Death of Mr. Woodmason's children, destroyed by fire 18 Jan. 1782' (anon.)
 * 2) 'An Elegy on the lamented Death of Mrs. Hickman, wife of the Rev. Thomas Hickman of Bildeston, Suffolk, who died 7 Sept, 1789, when but just turned of 19,' Bury St. Edmund's, 1790, 4to.
 * 3) 'Astronomy, or a description of the Solar System,' Sudbury, 1791.
 * 4) 'The Lottery, or the Effects of Sudden Affluence,' manuscript.



BRAOSE, PHILIP (fl. 1172), warrior, was a younger son of Philip de Braose, lord of Bramber, and an uncle of  [q. v.] He was one of the three captains of adventurers left in charge of Wexford at Henry's departure in 1172, and later in the same year he received a grant of North Munster ('Limericenæ videlicet regnum'). Supported by Robert Fitz-Stephen and Miles de Cogan, he set out to take possession of it, but, on approaching Limerick, turned back in a panic. He was presumably dead on 12 Jan. 1201, when North Munster was granted to his nephew William. His widow, Eva (Fin. 4 Hen. III, p. 1, m. 2), or Maud (Claus. 11 Hen. III, p. 1), married Philip, the baron of Naas, and survived him.



BRAOSE, WILLIAM (d. 1211), rebel baron, was the descendant and heir of William de Braose (alias Braiose, Breause, Brehus, &c.), lord of Braose, near Falaise in Normandy, who had received great estates in England at the Conquest. The family fixed their seat at Bramber in Sussex, and were lords of its appendant rape. Through his grandmother, a daughter of Judhael de Totnes, lord of Totnes and Barnstaple, William had also a claim to one of those fiefs and through his mother, Bertha, second daughter of Miles and sister of Roger, earls of Hereford, he inherited the vast Welsh dominions of her grandfather, [q. v.] He has been confused by Dugdale and Foss with his father and namesake; it was, however, as 'William de Braiose, junior,' that he made (as lord of the honour of Brecon) a grant to Walter de Clifford (Reports, xxxv. 2, but there wrongly dated), and that he tested a charter at Gloucester in 1179 (Mon. Angl. vi. 457), so that his father must have been then alive. It was probably, however, he, and not his father, who in 1176 invited the Welshmen to Abergavenny Castle, and there slew them, nominally in revenge for the death of his uncle Henry de Hereford the previous Easter (, ii. 297), a crime avenged on Braose's grandson by Llewelyn in 1230 (Ann. Marg. 38). Under Richard I, though withstanding the royal officers on his own estates in Wales, he was sheriff of Herefordshire in 1192-9 (Rot. Pip.), and a justice itinerant for Staffordshire in 1196. In 1195 he was with Richard in Normandy, and in 1196 he secured both Barnstaple and Totnes for himself by an agreement with the other coheir. In 1198 he was beleaguered by the Welsh in Castle Maud (alias Colwyn) in Radnorshire, but relieved by the justiciary, Geoffrey Fitz Piers, who defeated the Welsh in Elvael (Roa. Hov. iv. 53;, ii. 447). According, however, to the Welsh authorities, Castle Maud was taken, and he fell back on Pains Castle, where he had to save himself by a compromise (Brut y Tywysogion). On John's accession, William was foremost in urging that he should be crowned (Ann. Marg. 24). High in the king's favour, he accompanied him into Normandy in the summer of 1200 (Cart. 2 John, m. 31), and there had a grant of all such lands as he should conquer from the Welsh in increase of his barony of Radnor, and was made sheriff of Herefordshire for 1206-7 (Rot. Pip. 2 John). On 12 Jan. 1201 he obtained the honour of Limerick (without the city), as his uncle Philip had received it in 1172 from Henry II (Cart. 2 John, m. 15), for which he agreed to pay 5,000 marks at the rate of 500 a year (Obl. 2 John, m. 15). This was the origin