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 selected from the collection in the College of Surgeons. The results were communicated to the Royal Society on 19 May 1808, and published—with some observations by Sir Everard Home—in the ‘Transactions.’ Two other important papers by him were published by the Royal Society in 1811 and 1813. These were ‘On the State and Quantity of Alcohol in Fermented Liquids,’ and for them Brande received the Copley medal.

In 1808 Brande commenced lecturing, giving two courses on pharmaceutical chemistry at Dr. Hooper's Medical Theatre in Cork Street, Burlington Gardens. He subsequently lectured at the New Medico-Chemical School in Windmill Street, on physics and chemistry, and gave a course of lectures on ‘Materia Medica’ at the house of Dr. Pearson.

In 1809 Brande was elected a fellow of the Royal Society. In 1812 he accepted the appointment of professor of chemistry and superintending chemical operator to the Apothecaries' Company. He soon after became professor of materia medica, and delivered annually a course of lectures on that subject. In the spring of this year Sir Humphry Davy ‘could not pledge himself to continue the lectures which he has been accustomed to deliver to the Royal Institution;’ but he was willing to accept the offices of professor of chemistry and director of the laboratory and mineralogical collection without salary, and on 1 June he was, at a special general meeting, appointed to these offices. Under this arrangement with Sir Humphry Davy, Brande was elected in December of the same year to lecture on ‘Chemical Philosophy.’ In April 1813 Davy ‘begged leave to resign his situation of honorary professor.’ Brande was then elected to the professorship of chemistry. The rooms in the Royal Institution building which had been occupied by Sir Humphry Davy were prepared for him, and a few months later he was appointed superintendent of the house, and was allowed to transfer his chemical class of medical students from Windmill Street to the laboratory of that establishment.

Brande delivered, for Sir Humphry Davy, a course of lectures on ‘Agricultural Chemistry’ before the Board of Agriculture. On the death of Dr. Pearson the chemical lectures were transferred from St. George's Hospital to the Royal Institution, and Brande, now assisted by Faraday, devoted himself entirely to chemical investigations and to lectures on the science. For several years Brande's position was a responsible one. Officially he must be regarded as the leading chemist of the metropolis at the time; his assistant Faraday was travelling with Davy on the continent.

In 1823 the government consulted Brande on the manufacture of iron and steel, the object of the proposed inquiry being to obtain a more coherent metal for the dies used in the coinage. The report, which was of an especially practical character, led to considerable improvement and much economy in the Mint. As soon as it became possible Brande was appointed by the crown as superintendent of the die department. This appointment he held conjointly with his other posts for many years. In 1854 he was appointed the chief officer of the coinage department at the Royal Mint, when he resigned the professorship at the Royal Institution.

On the return of Faraday from the continent in 1825 he was associated with Brande in the lectures delivered in the theatre of the Royal Institution, and in editing the ‘Quarterly Journal of Science and Art,’ which had been published since 1816. From 1816 to 1826 Brande was one of the secretaries of the Royal Society. In 1836 he was named one of the original fellows of the University of London and a member of the senate of that body. In 1846 he became examiner in chemistry, which office he retained until 1858. He died 11 Feb. 1866.

Brande received the honorary degree of doctor of civil law in the university of Oxford. He was a fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, and a member of several foreign societies.

Brande published in the ‘Transactions of the Royal Society,’ and in several scientific journals, twenty-seven papers, all of them the result of close investigation. Among the more important were ‘Chemical Researches on the Blood and some other Animal Fluids,’ in 1811; ‘On some Electrochemical Phenomena,’ which was the subject of the Bakerian lecture for 1813; ‘On Electro-magnetic Clocks,’ in 1817; several papers on the ‘Destructive Distillation of Coal,’ and on ‘Coal Gas as an Illuminant,’ between 1816 and 1819. ‘The Outlines of Geology’ were published in the ‘Quarterly Journal of Science’ in 1825 to 1827. The other papers were connected with his position as chemist to the Apothecaries' Company, and related mainly to pharmaceutical inquiries. The ‘London Pharmacopœia,’ which was an ill-arranged collection of recipes, was greatly improved by Brande, especially in its chemistry. Brande's ‘Manual of Chemistry,’ which went through six editions, was the text-book of the day. His ‘Dictionary of Pharmacy and Materia Medica’ was one of the most useful books ever placed in the