Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 03.djvu/44

 Baldwin BALDWIN, THOMAS (1750–1820), was appointed city architect at Bath about the year 1775, and continued in that office till 1800. Baldwin completed, upon an improved plan, the building of the new guildhall, which had been begun in 1768. He designed the Cross baths, the portico of the great pump room, and many other public and private buildings. Some time before 1796 he was made chamberlain of Bath. He had drawings prepared, which seem not to have been published, of a Roman temple discovered near the king's bath in 1790. He died on 7 March 1820, at the age of 70.

[Dict. of Architectural Publication Society, 1853; Natte's Views in Bath, fol., London, 1806; Redgrave's Dict. of English Artists.]  BALDWIN, TIMOTHY (1620–1696), civil lawyer, younger son of Charles Baldwin of Burwarton, Shropshire, was born in 1620. He became a commoner of Balliol College, Oxford, in 1635, and proceeded B.A. on 13 Oct. 1638, B.C.L. on 26 June 1641, and D.C.L. in 1652. In 1639 he was elected fellow of All Souls' College, where he lived during the civil wars. As a royalist he was deprived of his fellowship by the parliamentary commissioners in 1648, but an application on his behalf to the wife of Thomas Kelsey, deputy-governor of the city of Oxford, accompanied by 'certain gifts,' secured his speedy reinstatement. He is mentioned by Wood in his autobiography (ed. Bliss, p. xxv) as joining in 1655 a number of royalists 'who esteem'd themselves either virtuosi or wits' in encouraging an Oxford apothecary to sell 'coffey publickly in his house against All Soules Coll.' At the restoration he was nominated a royal commissioner to inquire into the state of the university, was admitted principal of Hart Hall, now Hertford College (21 June 1660), and became a member of the College of Civilians ('s English Civilians, p. 84). He afterwards resigned his fellowship (1661), and was nominated chancellor of the dioceses of Hereford and Worcester. For twelve years, from 1670 to 1682, he was a master in chancery ('s Judges, vii. 8). He was knighted in July 1670, and was then described as of Stoke Castle, Shropshire. In 1679-80 he is found acting as one of the clerks in the House of Lords, and actively engaged in procuring evidence against the five lords charged with a treasonable catholic conspiracy. He died in 1696. At the time he held the office of steward of Leominster ('s Brief Relation, iv. 93).

Baldwin was the author of 'The Privileges of an Ambassador, written by way of letter to a friend who desired his opinion concerning the Portugal Ambassador,' 1654. This very rare tract treats of the charge of manslaughter preferred in an English court against Don Pantaleone, brother of the Portuguese ambassador. Baldwin also translated into Latin and published in 1656 Lord Herbert of Cherbury's 'History of the Expedition to Rhé in 1627.' The English original, which was written in 1630, was first printed in 1870 by the Philobiblon Society. In 1663 Baldwin edited and published 'The Jurisdiction of the Admiralty of England asserted against Sir Edward Coke's "Articuli Auctoritatis" in xxii. chapter of his "Jurisdiction of Courts" by Richard Zouch, Doctor of the Civil Laws and late Judge of the High Court of Admiralty, 1663.' Baldwin contributed a brief preface to this work dated 'Doctors' Commons, 25 Feb. 1663.'

[Athenæ Oxon. (ed. Bliss), iii. 241, 512, iv. 334; Fasti Oxon. i. 479, 500, ii. 3, 171; State Trials, vii. 1285, 1373, &c.; Martin's Archives of All Souls' College, 381; Burrows' Worthies of All Souls, 196, 216.]  BALDWIN, WILLIAM (fl. 1547), a west-countryman, spent several years at Oxford in the study of logic and philosophy. He is supposed to be the William Baldwin who supplicated the congregation of regents for a master's degree in 1532 (, Athenae, i. 341). On leaving Oxford he became a corrector of the press to Edward Whitchurch, the printer, who, in 1547, printed for him 'A Treatise of Morall Phylosophie, contayning the Sayinges of the Wyse,' a small black-letter octavo of 142 leaves. This book was afterwards enlarged by Thomas Paulfreyman, and continued popular for a century. In 1549 appeared Baldwin's 'Canticles or Balades of Salomon, phraselyke declared in Englyshe Metres,' which the author printed with his own hand from the types of Whitchurch. The versification has more ease and elegance than we usually find in metrical translations from the Scriptures; and the volume is remarkable for the care bestowed on the punctuation, a matter to which the old printers seldom paid the slightest attention. During the reigns of Edward VI and Queen Mary, it appears that Baldwin was employed in preparing theatrical exhibitions for the court (, Hist. of Eng. Dram. Poetry, i. 149, &c.) In 1559 he superintended the publication of the 'Mirror for Magistrates,' contributing four poems of his own: –(1) 'The Story of Richerd, Earl of Cambridge, being put to death at Southampton;' (2) 'How Thomas Montague, Earl of Salisbury, in the midst of his glory was by chance