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 similar position in the Manchester Medico-Ethical Association was given to him. The honour of knighthood was bestowed on him as a distinguished provincial physician in August 1853. Dr. Bardsley published a volume of ‘Hospital Facts and Observations’ in 1830, wrote the articles on diabetes and hydrophobia in the ‘Cyclopædia of Practical Medicine’ (1833), and made other contributions to medical science, including the retrospective address in medicine at the annual meeting of the British Medical Association in 1837. He died at Manchester 10 July 1876.

[Photographs of Eminent Medical Men, ed. by Dr. W. T. Robertson, vol. ii.; Manchester Guardian, 12 July 1876; Lancet, 1876, ii. 137.]  BARDSLEY, SAMUEL ARGENT, M.D. (1764–1851), physician, was born at Kelvedon, Essex, on 27 April 1764. His medical studies were begun at Nottingham, where he passed an apprenticeship to a surgeon, and followed up at London, Edinburgh, and Leyden. He was entered of the Leyden University in August 1786, and graduated there in 1789. After passing a short time at Doncaster he removed to Manchester in 1790, and was elected physician to the Manchester Infirmary, a position he retained until August 1823, gaining during the thirty-three years great esteem as ‘the very model of an hospital physician.’ He relinquished his professional ‘practice’ many years before his death, which occurred on 29 May, 1851, while on a visit to a friend near Hastings. He was buried at St. Saviour's Church, Manchester. Dr. Bardsley published in 1800 ‘Critical Remarks on the Tragedy of Pizarro, with Observations on the subject of the Drama;’ and in 1807 a volume of ‘Medical Reports of Cases and Experiments, with Observations chiefly derived from Hospital practice; also an Enquiry into the Origin of Canine Madness.’ To the ‘Memoirs’ of the Literary and Philosophical Society of Manchester, of which he was a vice-president, he contributed in 1798 a paper on ‘Party Prejudice,’ and in 1803 one on ‘The Use and Abuse of Popular Sports and Exercises.’

[Biog. Dict. Living Authors, 1816, p. 13; London Medical Gazette, 1850, ix. 41; Index of Leyden Students, published by the Index Society.]  BARDWELL, THOMAS (d. 1780?), portrait painter, is known chiefly as a copyist. He painted a picture of ‘Dr. Ward relieving his sick and lame patients,’ which is libellously described by one authority (Hobbes) as a painting of a ‘quack doctor.’ This same Dr. Ward is caricatured by Hogarth. This picture was engraved (1748–9) probably by Baron. There is also a mezzotint by Faber after a portrait by Bardwell of Admiral Vernon. At Oxford, in the university galleries, there are portraits by him of the Earl and Countess of Pomfret. In 1756 he published the ‘Practice of Painting and Perspective made Easy.’ This work was well thought of in its day. Mr. Edwards thinks, however, that in so far as it treats of perspective, it is a snare and delusion. A pirated edition, omitting the perspective, appeared in 1795. Bardwell died about 1780.

[Edwards's Anecdotes of Painters, 1808; Hobbes's Picture Collector's Manual, 1849; Füssli's Allgemeines Künstler-Lexikon, 1806; Redgrave's Dict.]  BAREBONES, PRAISEGOD (1596?–1679), anabaptist, leather-seller, and politician. [See .]

BARENGER, JAMES (1780–1831), animal painter, was born 25 Dec. 1780. He was the son of J. Barenger, a chaser, who exhibited water-colour drawings of insects at the Royal Academy between the years 1793 and 1799, and died in 1813, and he was on his mother's side a nephew of William Woollett, the eminent engraver. He obtained some celebrity as a painter of racehorses, dogs, deer, and other animals, which he exhibited at the Royal Academy from 1807 to 1831, in which year he died.

[Redgrave's Dictionary of Artists, 1878; Royal Academy Exhibition Catalogues, 1793–1831.]  BARET or BARRET, JOHN (d. 1580?), lexicographer, was a fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, and took the degree of B.A. in 1554–5, and that of M.A. in 1558. About 1555 he describes himself as ‘having pupils at Cambridge, studious of the Latin tongue.’ In later years he is said to have travelled abroad, and to have taught in London. He received the degree of M.D. at Cambridge in 1577, but there is no evidence that he ever practised medicine. Baret died before the close of 1580, but the exact date is uncertain.

Baret published, about 1574, a dictionary of the English, Latin, and French languages, with occasional illustrations from the Greek. It was called ‘An Alvearie, or Triple Dictionarie in English, Latin, and French,’ and was dedicated to William Cecil, Lord Burghley, the chancellor of Cambridge University. The date, 2 Feb. 1573–4, appears among the