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 for literature. In 1848 he settled at Wilmslow, Cheshire, and some years later at Didsbury, near Manchester. In 1860 he removed to London, in order to co-operate with his friend [q. v.] in the production of the 'Encyclopædia of Chronology,' which he completed in 1872; in the interval he edited a 'Dictionary of General Biography' (London, 1867, 8vo; 3rd ed. 1880). Failing health compelled him to quit London in September 1887 for Hayes, near Uxbridge, where he died on 9 Dec. 1895. On 25 July 1845 he married Catherine, daughter of Aquila Robins of Holt, Norfolk.

Besides the works already named and the article on 'Chronology' in the 'Encyclopædia Britannica' (9th edit.) he was author of: He edited and largely re-wrote 'The Biographical Treasury &hellip; By S. Maunder, Thirteenth edition,' London, 1866, 8vo, besides superintending the fourteenth edition in 1873 and a subsequent one in 1882. He also translated and edited vols. vi. to viii. of d'Aubigné's 'History of the Reformation in Europe in the Time of Calvin,' London, 1875-8, 8vo.
 * 1) 'The Pocket Date Book,' London, 1863, 8vo, which ran to a second edition.
 * 2) 'History of England from the Death of Edward the Confessor to the Death of King John,' London, 1874, 8vo.



CAULFIELD, RICHARD (1823–1887), Irish antiquary, was born in Cork on 23 April 1823, and educated under Dr. Browne at the Bandon endowed school, whence he was admitted a pensioner at Trinity College, Dublin, in 1841. He graduated B.A. in 1845, LL.B. in 1864, and LL.D. in 1866. He often referred to the benefit he derived while at college from the lectures in ancient philosophy of [q. v.] In 1853 he published his 'Sigilla Ecclesiæ Hibernicæ Illustrata.' In 1857 he edited for the Camden Society the 'Diary of Rowland Davies, D.D., Dean of Cork,' 1689–90; and in 1859 he published 'Rotulus Pipæ Clonensis,' or Pipe Roll of Cloyne. In 1860 he discovered at Dunmanway House, co. Cork, the original manuscript of the autobiographical memoir of Sir Richard Cox, extending from 1702 to 1707, which had been used by Harris in his edition of Ware's 'Writers of Ireland,' and published the fragment in extenso. The Society of Antiquaries elected him a fellow on 13 Feb. 1862. While at Oxford in this year he discovered in the Bodleian Library the curious manuscript 'Life of St. Fin Barre,' which he copied and published in 1864. In the same year he became librarian of the Royal Cork Institution. In 1876 appeared his important edition of the 'Council Book of the Corporation of Cork,' followed in 1877 by 'The Register of the Parish of Christ Church, Cork.' Next year appeared the 'Council Book of the Corporation of Youghal,' with annals and appendices, to which succeeded the 'Council Book of the Corporation of Kinsale, 1652-1800.' He was also author of 'Annals of St. Fin Barre's Cathedral, Cork,' 1871, and 'Annals of the Cathedral of St. Colman, Cloyne,' besides numerous contributions to antiquarian periodicals and especially to 'Notes and Queries.' As an archæologist and genealogist he had few rivals, and his assistance was seldom sought unsuccessfully. He was appointed in 1876, by royal sign manual, librarian to the Queen's College, Cork, and in 1882 was made an honorary member of the Royal Academy of History at Madrid. He was also a member for many years of the Society of Antiquaries of Normandy, and he was an active member of the committee for rebuilding Cork cathedral. He died, unmarried, at the Royal Cork Institution on 3 Feb. 1887, and was buried in the rural churchyard of Douglas, co. Cork.



CAVE, ALFRED (1847–1900), congregational divine, born in London on 29 Aug. 1847, was the fourth son of Benjamin Cave by his wife, Harriet Jane, daughter of Samuel Hackett. He was educated at the Philological School, Marylebone Road, London, and originally intended to study medicine; but in 1866, having resolved to become a minister, he entered New College, London, whence he graduated B.A. at London University in 1870. On leaving New College in 1872, he became minister at Berkhampstead, when he removed in 1876 to Watford. In 1880 he resigned his pastorate, and became professor of Hebrew and church history at Hackney College. Two years later he was appointed principal and professor of apologetical, doctrinal, and pastoral theology, offices which he retained until his death. In 1888 he was chosen congregational union lecturer, taking as his subject 'The Inspiration of the Old Testament inductively considered' (London, 1888, 8vo; 2nd edit. 1889). In 1889 he received the honorary degree of D.D, from the university of St. Andrews.

In 1888 and 1898 Cave was chairman of