Page:Dictionary of National Biography, Second Supplement, volume 3.djvu/233

 Reid, and George Augustus Sala were conspicuous. He was an excellent raconteur and mimic, a great reader, especially of modern French literature, and a regular 'first night' visitor to the leading theatres.

In 1854 Robinson became a professional member of the Guild of Literature and Art, a society which was founded by Charles Dickens and his friends for the benefit of authors and artists. The guild failed to fulfil the aims of its founders, and Robinson with Frederick Clifford [q. v. Suppl. II], as the last surviving trustees, arranged for its dissolution in 1897. In 1897 he was chairman of the Newspaper Press Fund dinner, and in 1898 of the Newspaper Society dinner; the former body represents journalists, and the latter proprietors. No other active journalist has filled the double office.

Robinson died in London on 30 Nov. 1903, and was buried in Highgate cemetery. He married on 14 July 1859 Jane Mapes (d. 1876), youngest daughter of William Granger of the Grange, Wickham Bishops, Essex; by her he had one son and one daughter.



ROBINSON, PHILIP STEWART, 'Phil Robinson' (1847–1902), naturalist and author, born at Chunar, India, on 13 Oct. 1847, was eldest son in a family of three sons and three daughters of Julian Robinson, Indian army chaplain and editor of the 'Pioneer,' by his wife Harriet Woodcocke, daughter of Thomas Sharpe, D.D., vicar of Doncaster and canon of York. After education at Marlborough College (August 1860 to Midsummer 1865), he was from 1866 to 1868 librarian of the free library, Cardiff. He resigned this post to go to India, where he assisted his father in editing the 'Pioneer' in 1869; he was appointed editor of the 'Revenue Archives' of the Benares province in 1872, and became in 1873 professor of literature and of logic and metaphysics in Allahabad College. He was also censor of the vernacular press. Returning to England in 1877, he joined the staff of the 'Daily Telegraph' as leader writer.

In 1878 he was correspondent of the 'Daily Telegraph,' both in the second Afghan campaign and in the Zulu war. Between 1878 and 1893 he acted as publisher's reader for Messrs. Sampson Low and Co., and edited and prepared for the press Stanley's 'Through the Dark Continent' (1878). From 1881-2 he was special commissioner of the 'New York World ' in Utah, and later in 1882 went to Egypt as war correspondent of the 'Daily Chronicle.' Subsequently he made lecturing tours through the United States and Australia, and in 1898 was correspondent at first of the 'Pall Mall Gazette' and then of the Associated Press in Cuba during the Spanish-American war. The hardships of the Cuban campaigns, including imprisonment and fever, undermined his health, and in his last year he wrote very little beyond occasional articles for the 'Contemporary Review' and for 'Good Words.' He died on 9 Dec. 1902. He married in 1877 Elizabeth King, by whom he had issue, a daughter and a son.

Robinson was one of the pioneers of Anglo-Indian literature, and was foremost in inaugurating the literature descriptive of animate nature in India. His essays on the common objects of Indian scenery abound in keen observation and whimsical humour and show literary skill and taste. His work, which found many imitators, anticipated Mr. Rudyard Kipling's early devotion to Indian themes. Robinson's published works include:
 * 1) 'Nugæ Indicæ, or on Leave in my Compound,' Allahabad, 1871; subsequently published with additions and a preface by (Sir) Edwin Arnold, under the title of 'In my Indian Garden' (three editions, London, 1878; 8th edit. 1893).
 * 2) 'Under the Punkah,' 1881; 3rd edit. 1891.
 * 3) 'Noah's Ark, or Mornings at the Zoo,' 1881.
 * 4) 'Under the Sun,' Boston, 1882.
 * 5) 'The Poet's Birds,' 1883.
 * 6) 'Sinners and Saints: a Tour across the States and round them,' 1883 (new edit. 1892).
 * The 'Indian Garden' series, which enjoyed the largest circulation of any of Robinson's books:
 * 'Chasing a Fortune,' 18mo, 1884;
 * 'Tigers at Large,' 18mo, 1884; and
 * 'The Valley of Teetotum Trees,' 18mo, 1886.

[Allibone's Dict. of Eng. Lit.; Who's Who, 1902; Cardiff Free libraries Annual Reports;
 * 1) 'The Poet's Beasts,' 1885.
 * 2) 'Some Country Sights and Sounds,' 1893.
 * 3) ' The Poets and Nature,' 1893.
 * 4) 'Birds of the Wave and Woodland,' 1894
 * 5) 'In Garden, Orchard and Spinney,' 1897.
 * 6) 'Bubble and Squeak,' 1902.
 * 7) (With Edward Kay Robinson and Harry Perry Robinson) 'Tales by Three Brothers,' 1902.