Page:Dictionary of National Biography, Second Supplement, volume 2.djvu/685

 antiquities. On 13 Feb. 1886 he succeeded Newton as keeper of the department of Greek and Roman antiquities. The recent removal of the natural history collections to the new buildings in Cromwell Road, Kensington, the completion of the now building known as the 'White Wing' at Bloomsbury, and other alterations, had greatly increased the available space for the exhibition of the collections. Hence a thorough reorganisation of the galleries devoted to Greek and Roman antiquities was rendered at once practicable, and this was for many years Murray's chief preoccupation. The specimens were set out with greater consideration than before for general effect and space, and at the same time all the fittings and labels were improved. He was always helpful to visitors to his department, and patiently answered inquiries of correspondents from a distance. Although he carried through the press no departmental catalogue of his own, he was a careful reader and critic of all that was published by assistants in his department, and contributed introductions to several volumes by them. He wrote the letterpress to the 'Terracotta Sarcophagi, Greek and Etruscan, in the British Museum' (1898), and most of the Enkomi section of the 'Excavations in Cyprus' (Brit. Mus.).

For many years he made it a practice to visit the Continent, especially Greece, Italy, Sicily, or Spain, and so was familiar with the chief classical sites and foreign collections, and with foreign archaeologists. The only occasions on which he took part in work in the field were in 1870, when he visited the site of Priene with Newton, and in 1896, when he was temporarily in charge of the excavations at Enkomi (Salamis) in Cyprus. He died of pneumonia, supervening on influenza, at his house in the museum precincts, on 5 March 1904, and was buried at Kensal Green.

He was twice married: (1) to Jenny Hancock (who died on 3 Nov. 1874, and is buried at Weybridge); (2) on 5 April 1881, to Anne Murray, youngest daughter of David Welsh, of Tillytoghills, Kincardineshire, who survived. There was no family by either marriage.

Murray was made LL.D. of Glasgow in 1891. He was a corresponding member of the Royal Prussian Academy and of the Academie des Inscriptions of the French Institute; a member of the German Archæological Institute, a fellow of the Society of Antiquaries (1889), of the British Academy (1903), and a vice-president of the Society for the Promotion of Hellenic Studies.

He was through life an adherant of the Scottish presbyterian church somewhat quick-tempered, he was courteous and warm-hearted.

Murray wrote on classical archæology independently of his official work. His writings showed his width of his knowledge, and were full of curious observations on points of detail; but his power of broad elementary exposition was limited, end though he was always interesting and suggestive, it was by no means easy to follow the general drift of his thought. From 1879 onwards all his writings dealing with early Greece were coloured by his reluctance to accept the early date, was gradually being established beyond controversy, for Mycenean culture.

His chief independent works were: 1. 'A Manual of Mythology,' 1873. 2. 'A History of Greek Sculpture,' vol. i. 'From the Earliest Times down to the Age of Pheidias,' 1880; vol. ii. 'Under Pheidias and his Successors,' 1883; 2nd edit, of both volumes. 1890. 3. 'Handbook of Archæology : Vases, Bronzes, Gems, Sculpture, Terracottas, Mural Paintings, Architecture, &c.,' 1892. 4. 'Greek Bronzes,' 1898. 5. 'The Sculptures of the Parthenon,' 1903.

Murray was also a frequent writer in the leading archæological organs and in the ninth edition of the 'Encydopædia Britannica,' as well as in the 'Contemporary' and 'Quarterly' reviews (cf. Bursiane-Kroll, p. 102).

 MURRAY, CHARLES ADOLPHUS, seventh (1841–1907), born in Grafton Street. London, on 34 March 1841, was only son of Alexander Edward Murray, sixth earl of Donmore by his wife Catherine, fourth daughter of George Augustus Herbert, eleventh earl of Pembroke [q. v.]. He succeeded his father as seventh earl on 16 July 1845.

Educated at Eton, he entered the Scots fusilier guards on 18 May 1860, and remained with the regiment till 1864. A conservative in politics, he was lord-in-waiting to Queen Victoria throughout Disraeli's second government from 1874 till 1880. He was also lord-lieutenant of 