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 never returned: found work at Lisbon, made his way through Europe: in 1775 went out as Consul to Calicut for the Empress Maria Theresa of Austria: engaged in trade, of which Jonathan Duncan, Governor of Bombay, wrote, 1792, as the most considerable of any British subject on that side of India: he lost eleven ships. East Indiamen, of 1,000 tons or more in the war with France: in 1798 he took over from Government as a plantation "Five Tarras of Randaterra" (The Anjrakandy estate) in Malabar: was granted, in 1802, a 99 years' lease, being the earliest English landholder in India: the natives regarded him as their Raja: none but the lowest caste would work on the estate, which was wasted by war: he educated his tenants and Christianized them by native catechists and German missionaries, raising them in the scale of civilization: he spoke seven European and five or six Oriental languages: died at Tellicherry, 1828.

BROWNE, CHARLES ALFRED (1802–1866)

Son of William Loder Browne: born Dec, 1802: was a Midshipman, R.N: educated at Addiscombe: joined the Madras Army, 1820: in 15th and 12th regts.: examiner in Hindustani and Persian: Military Secretary to Government, Madras, 1857: Adjutant-General: commanded at Nagpur, 1862: commanded the N. Division, Madras Army, 1863: retired, 1864: wrote a Persian grammar: established, 1833, Sunday schools at Madras and the Black Town, the first in the Madras Presidency: died Feb. 14, 1866.

BROWNE, JAMES ( ? - ? )

Major: in the E. I. Co.'s service, temp. Warren Hastings: Collector of the Jungleterry districts, 1773: had difficult work in administering the country and settling disturbances: sent by the Council on an embassy to Shah Alamat Delhi to negotiate with him for assistance against the Sikhs: Resident at Delhi, 1782: recalled, when Warren Hastings left for England, 1785: published, in 1787, his Indian Tracts, which, he says, were written by order of Hastings, describing the Jungleterry districts, and giving an account of the Sikhs.

BROWNE, SIR JAMES (1839–1896)

Born Sep. 16, 1839: son of Robert Browne: educated at Cheltenham and Addiscombe: appointed to the Bengal Engineers, 1857: served in the N.W. Frontier campaign against the Mahsud-Waziris, 1860, in the Umbeyla campaign, 1863: Executive Engineer in the Panjab: in 1876 surveyed for a railway from Sukkur to Quetta: Political Officer at Quetta: in the Afghan war, 1878–9, Political with Sir D. Stewart's advance to Kandahar: C.S.I. 1879: in Egypt, in 1882, commanded the Royal Engineers of the Indian Contingent: at Tel-el-Kebir: C.B. 1882: superintended the construction of the Indus bridge, 1875: Engineer in Chief of the Sind-Peshin railway, 1883–7: Q.M.G. in India, 1889–90: Chief Commissioner of British Beluchistan, March, 1892: died there, June 13, 1896: K.C.S.I: General.

BROWNE, SIR SAMUEL (1824–1901)

Son of James Browne, M.D: born Oct. 13, 1824: entered the Bengal Army, 1840: in the Panjab campaign of 1848–49: at Chilianwala and Gujarat: in the mutiny, with the 2nd Panjab cavalry, in the movable column of the Panjab: under Sir Colin Campbell in Oudh, lost an arm: gained the V.C: for his action at Nuria, near Philibhit, when he attacked the rebels, and was severely wounded in hand-to-hand fight: commanded the Guides in 1864: accompanied H.R.H. the Prince of Wales on his Indian tour, 1875–6: K,C.S.I.: Military Member of the Supreme Council, Aug. 9 to Nov. 5, 1878: commanded the first Division of the Peshawar Field Force, in the Afghan war, 1878–9: captured Ali Masjid, occupied Jalalabad: K.C.B: retired, 1879: General: G.C.B., 1901: died March 14, 1901: he invented the military sword belt, called after him.

BROWNE, SIR THOMAS GORE (1807–1887)

Son of Robert Browne: born July 3, 1807: entered the Army 1824: in the campaign, in 1842, of the first Afghan war commanded his regiment as Major: was in the repulse of Haikalzai, at Kandahar, Kabul and Istalif, and through the Khyber to India: C.B., 1843: was Governor of St. Helena, New Zealand,