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 the Vedas : wrote also on Indian medicine, and on the Avesta, and lectured on the history of religions : ennobled by the King of Wurtemburg for his Oriental scholarship : died at Tiibingen, June 23, 1895.

ROTHNEY OCTAVIUS EDWARD (1824–1881)

Colonel : entered the Army, 1841 : in the Satlaj campaign, 1845–6 : in Colonel Mackeson's force against the Hasanzais, 1852–3 : in Pegu, 1854 : at Ludiana in 1857, held it with the 4th Sikh N.I : with the regt. at the siege and taking of Delhi, 1857, and many subsequent engagements : joined the Bengal Staff Corps : commanded the Lahore Division : Lt-Colonel, 1867 : C.S.I., 1868 : and C.B. : died Jan. I, 1881.

ROTTLER, DR. JOHN PETER (1749–1836)

Danish Missionary and botanist : born June, 1749 : educated at the Gymnasium and University, Strasburg : ordained at Copenhagen, 1775 : reached Tranquebar, 1776 : studied Tamil, and Indian Botany : made Doctor of Philosophy by the University of Erlangen, 1795 : supplied botanical specimens of S. Indian flora to Europe : toured in Ceylon, 1796 : many of his plants and the catalogue sent to Kew : to Madras, 1803 : Secretary and Chaplain of the Female Orphan Asylum from 1808 : Chaplain at Puhcat, 1814–8 : left the Danish Mission, and succeeded Paezold in the Vepery Mission, Madras, 1817, under the S.P.C.K. : died Jan. 24, 1836 : made a Tamil dictionary, and translated the Prayer Book into Tamil.

ROUSE, WILLIAM HENRY DENHAM (1863–)

Born May 30, 1863 : son of Rev. G. H. Rouse : educated at Doveton College, Calcutta, and Christ's College, Cambridge : Scholar and Fellow : Master at Bedford Grammar School, 1886–8 : Cheltenham College, 1890–5 : Rugby School, 1896–1901 : Headmaster Perse Grammar School, Cambridge, since 1901 : editor of The Jataka, or Stories of the Buddha's former Births, translated from the Pali by various hands, The Giant Crab, and other Tales of Old India, The Talking Thrush and other Indian Stories, several of the Temple Classics and other school books : Litt. D. : F.R.G.S. : M.R.A.S. : Univ. Teacher of Sanskrit, 1903.

ROUTLEDGE, JAMES (1829–1898)

Journalist : began his career in the N. of England : went to Calcutta, 1869 : edited the Friend of India, and was correspondent for India to the Times: left India in 1872 : became Editor of the Oudh Advertiser, and the Western Daily Mercury : died April 25, 1898 : wrote English Rule and Native Opinion in India, 1878.

ROWLANDS, SIR HUGH (1829–)

Entered the Army, 1849, and became General, 1894 : served in the Crimea 1854–5 : V.C. and Brevet-Major : Kafir war, 1877–9 : commanded Bangalore District of the Madras Army, 1884–9 : commanded Scottish District, 1895–6 : K.C.B., 1898.

ROXBURGH, WILLIAM (1761–1816)

Born June 3, 1751 : educated at Edinburgh : became a Surgeon's Mate in the E. I. Co.'s marine : M.D. : and Assistant Surgeon in the Madras medical service in 1776 : in charge of the Botanic Garden at Samulcotta, near Coconada, 1781–93 : studied the flora of the Northern Sircars : the E. I. Co.'s Botanist in the Carnatic : Plants of the Coast of Coromandel published from his drawings : appointed first Superintendent of the Botanic Gardenn, ear Calcutta, and Chief Botanist of the E. I. Co. in 1793 : held the offices, until he retired in 1813 : died at Edinburgh, Feb. 18, 1815 : F.R.A.S. : F.L.S. : F.S. Arts, and F.R.S.,. Edinburgh : wrote the Hortus Bengalensis, and Flora Indica, which was not published complete until 1832, "an admirable production : the descriptions are accurate and graphic, and its authorship justly entitles Roxburgh to his title of the 'Father of In- dian Botany'" : wrote A Botanical Description of a New Species of Swietenia, a Mahogany, besides papers for the Linnaean Society, the Society of Arts, in Asiatic Researches, etc. etc. : a most ardent and enthusiastic botanist, and a good gardener : the first botanist who attempted to draw up a systematic account of the plants of India : he paid much attention also to economic botany. His monument, with a Latin inscription by Bishop Heber, is in the Royal Botanic Garden, near Calcutta.