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  position in municipal affairs : nominated a Member of the Bengal Legislative Council in 1872, and an Additional Member of the Governor-General's Legislative Council in Feb. 1883, as the representative of the Bengal zamindars in the discussions on the Bengal Tenancy Bill : his services were highly valued by Government : his natural eloquence was developed by constant practice, while his force of character, combined with industry and independence, gave him a leading position in public affairs : in advocating the cause of the natives of India his moderation conduced greatly to his success. Sir C. P. Ilbert said of him : "A great orator and a great journalist, who would have made his mark in any country and at any time" : Rai Bahadur in 1877, and a C.I.E. in 1878 : after his death, on July 24, 1884, a statue was erected in his honour at Calcutta.

PALK, SIR ROBERT, BARONET (1717–1798)

Governor : son of Walter Palk : born Dec. 1717 : went out to Madras as an E. L Co.'s Chaplain : gave up his orders and entered the Civil Service : became Member of Council, 1753 : Envoy to the Raja of Tanjore, 1753–4 : and conducted negotiations with the French : he installed the Nawabof the Carnatic, 1755 : was Governor of Madras, Nov. 1763, to Jan. 1767 : protected the Raja of Tanjore against the Nawab : made a treaty, which has been generally condemned, with the Nizam of Hyderabad, in Nov. 1766 : returned to England, 1767 : M.P. for Ashburton, 1767–8, and 1774–87 : made Baronet, 1772 : a strong supporter of Warren Hastings : died May, 1798.

PALLISER, SIR CHARLES HENRY (1830–1895)

Son of Maj-General Henry Palliser, R.A. : educated at Addiscombe : entered the Army, 1847 : severely wounded on the Derajat frontier, 1853 : in the Indian mutiny, with Renaud's force from Allahabad to Cawnpur, and with Havelock's force : commanded Irregular Cavalry at Fatehpur, at the Alambagh, and the first relief of Lucknow : in defence of the Residency until the second relief by Sir Colin Campbell : at the Alambagh under Outram, Nov. 1857, to March, 1858 : at capture of Lucknow : and with Hodson's Horse : commanded 1oth Bengal Cavalry in Abyssinia : in Afghan war, 1879–80, with Sir D. Stewart's force to Kandahar : commanded the Cavahry Brigade at Ahmad Kheyl and Urzoo : K.C.B. : Lt-General : G.C.B. : died Nov. 22, 1895.

PALMER, SIR ARTHUR POWER (1840–1904)

Commander-in-Chief in India : son of Capt. Nicholas Power Palmer, who was killed during the retreat from Kabul, 1842 : born June 25, 1840 : educated at Cheltenham : entered the Indian Army in 1857, and in the mutiny was in Hodson's Horse, and in the Oudh campaign and at Nawabganj : joined the Bengal Staff Corps, 1861 : was in the N.W. frontier campaign of 1863–4 against the Mohmands : in Abyssinia in 1868 : A.D.C. to General Stafford in the Dafla expedition, 1874–5 : served with the Dutch in their war in Achin, 1876–7 : in the Afghan war of 1878–9 : was A. A. and Q.M.G. of the Kuram Field Force, at Peiwar Kotal and in the Khost Valley : in the Soudan expedition of 1885, commanded the 9th Bengal Cavalry at Suakin : C.B. : Maj-General, 1893 : commanded in the N. Chin Hills in Burma, 1892–3 : K.C.B., 1893 : in the Tirah expedition, 1897–8, commanded the communications and the Second Division : was at Chagra Kotal : commanded the Panjab Army : General, 1899 : C. in C. in India, March 19, 1900, till the autumn of 1902, when he left India : was G.C.I.E., 1901 : G.C.B., 1903. As C. in C. he introduced many practical improvements, suggested by the experience of recent campaigns. He died Feb. 28, 1904.

PALMER, EDWARD HENRY (1840–1882)

Born Aug. 7, 1840 : son of William Henry Palmer : educated at the Perse Grammar School, Cambridge : learnt Romany as a boy : three years in business in London : learnt Italian, French, Persian, Arabic, and Hindustani at Cambridge : Sizar of St. John's College, 1863 : Scholar : B.A., 1867 : continued his studies in Oriental languages composing and writing in them : wrote Oriental Mysticism : Fellow of St. John's College, 1867 : in 1869 travelled for the Palestine Exploration Fund in the survey of Sinai, and, again, from Sinai to 