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 Instruction: did good service in organising the Department: died at Gibraltar on April 9, 1859, on his way to England: wrote essays on social and Indian subjects, and Oakfield, or Fellowship in the East: his brother, Matthew Arnold, wrote A Southern Night in memory of him, and alluded to him in Stanzas from Carnac.

ARNOULD, SIR JOSEPH (1814–1886)

Judge: son of Joseph Arnould: born Nov. 12, 1814: educated at Charterhouse and Wadham College, Oxford: Newdi-gate Verse Prize, 1834: Fellow of his College: called to the bar by the Middle Temple, contributed to journalism and wrote legal works: in 1859 was made a Judge of the Bombay Supreme (afterwards the High) Court, and knighted: retired in 1869: died Feb. 16, 1886.

ARTHUR, SIR GEORGE, BARONET (1784–1854)

Son of John Arthur of Plymouth: entered the Army in 1804: served in Italy, 1806, Egypt, 1807, Sicily, 1808, Walcheren, 1809: D.A.A.G.: Military Secretary to the Governor of Jersey: Major in a regiment in Jamaica, 1812: Lieutenant-Governor of British Honduras and Colonel, 1814–22: Lieutenant-Governor of Van Diemen's Land, 1824–37: received the Hanoverian Order: Lieutenant-Governor of Upper Canada, 1837–41: made Baronet in 1841: Governor of Bombay from June 9, 1842 to Aug. 5, 1846, during the difficult time of the latter portion of the first Afghan War, and of Lord Ellenborough's tenure of office as Governor-General: appointed provisional Governor-General: after retirement he was made a Privy Councillor and D.C.L., Oxford: Lt-General, and Colonel of the 50th regt.: died Sep. 19, 1854.

ASHBURNER, LIONEL ROBERT (1827 - )

I.C.S.: born 1827: educated at Haileybury: entered the Bombay Civil Service in 1848, and retired in 1883: in the mutiny, 1857, raised and organized a body of horse and foot to protect the E. frontier of Gujarat: was Special Commissioner to try offences against the State: tried and convicted certain chiefs: C.S.I.: Member of Council in Bombay, 1877–83: acted as Governor of Bombay from March 13 to April 28, 1880.

ASHBURNHAM, HON. THOMAS ( ? –1872)

General: son of George, third Earl of Ashburnham, K.G.: entered the Army, 1823: Lt-Colonel, 1835: commanded a Brigade in the Satlaj campaign, 1845–6, at Firozshahr and Sobraon: C.B.: A.D.C. to the Queen: appointed to the command of the forces in China, 1857: transferred to a military command in India: returned to England, 1858: Colonel of the 82nd regt., 1859: General, 1868: died March 3, 1872.

ASMAN JAH, BAHADUR, NAWAB SIR (1839–1898)

Great-grandson of the second Nizam of Hyderabad: born 1839: Minister of Justice in 1869, and acted as Prime Minister and Regent during Sir Salar Jang's absence in Europe: on the latter's death, in 1883, he became a member of the Council of Regency: represented the Nizam at Queen Victoria's Jubilee, 1887: was for 7 years Prime Minister of Hyderabad, 1887: made K.C.I.E., 1887: died 1898.

ASTELL, HENRY GODFREY (1816–1903)

I.C.S.: son of, (q. v.). Chairman of the Directors of the E.I.Co.: educated at Eton and Haileybury: in the mutiny was Judge of Azimghar, N.W.P.: was supported by two companies of sepoys and some cavalry of doubtful loyalty, when he was attacked by about 2,000 rebels: after an engagement, in which his cavalry deserted, he was forced to retire to his entrenchments and Ghazipur: was later besieged at Jaunpur, until relieved by General Lugard with a force from Lucknow: died July 6, 1903.

ASTELL, WILLIAM (1774–1847)

Son of Godfrey Thornton, Bank of England Director: changed his name to Astell, 1807: was Director of the E.I.Co., 1807–46, and M.P. for Bridgewater 1807–32, afterwards for Bedfordshire: Chairman of the Directors in 1810, 1824, 1830, 1838: much opposed to Lord Ellen-borough's administration of India: Colonel of the Royal East India Volunteers: died March 7, 1847.<section end="Astell, William" />

<section begin="Atkinson, Edwin Felix Thomas" />ATKINSON, EDWIN FELIX THOMAS ( ? –1890)

I.C.S.: educated at Trinity College, Dublin: went out to the N.W.P., 1862:<section end="Atkinson, Edwin Felix Thomas" />