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 KAPURTHALA, RAJA SIR RANDHIR SINGH, OF (1831–1870)

Born March, 1831 : succeeded his father, Nihal Singh, Sep. 13, 1852. In the mutiny he volunteered his assistance, first at Jalandhar, and, later, marched to Oudh at the head of a mixed force : he was engaged there for 10 months, was in several actions against the rebels near Cawnpur and Lucknow, showing great bravery. In 1864 he was made K. C.S.I, was rewarded with estates confiscated from rebels, and received the right of adoption. He died near Aden on April 2, 1870, on a visit to Europe : his body was taken back to India.

KARAKA, DOSABHAI FRAMJI (1829–1902)

Born May 8, 1829, educated at the Elphinstone Institution : edited the Jam-i-Jamshid, Gujarati newspaper, for 5 years and became manager of the Bombay Times under Dr. Buist : was made Censor of the Native Press at Bombay during the mutiny : wrote The Company's Raj contrasted with its Predecessors : went to England 1858–9, wrote there The Parsis : their History, Manners, Customs, and Religion : republished, 1884 : in 1859 was Assessor to the Bombay Municipality : Income Tax Assessor for 4 years : Presidency Magistrate in Bombay : Licence Tax Ofiicer and Income Tax Collector in 1869 : again Presidency Magistrate : Sheriff of Bombay, 1872 : a Chief Presidency Magistrate, 1874 : J.P. : in 1875 Chairman of the Bombay Corporation : C.S.I., 1877 : in the Bombay Legislative Council : acted as Collector of Bombay : Fellow of the Bombay University : resigned the service, 1887 : died March 17. 1902.

KARAMAT ALI, SYAD (1796–1876)

Born at Jaunpur, N.W.P : of a family descended from the Prophet : left home at 18, in quest of knowledge, spent 2 years at Lucknow, 10 in Persia : travelled widely in Persia and Turkistan : accompanied A. Conolly on his journey to India through Afghanistan and saved his life in that country : chiefly on Conolly's recommendation, was appointed representative of the Indian Government at the Court of Dost Muhammad Khan (the Sirdar, afterwards Amir) at Kabul : went up there via Ludiana : maintained friendship with C. M. Wade (q.v.), the A.G.G. at Ludiana : much esteemed at Dost Muhammad's Court : reported to the Indian Government the intrigues of the Russians and French at Kabul, and advised a definite understanding with the Sirdar, who was then anxious to unite himself to England. Karamat Ali was recalled from Kabul in 1835 : and in 1837, appointed Superintendent (mutawali) of the Hughli Imambara : where he remained till his death in 1876 : had great influence with the Muhammadans : much respected by the highest European officers. His predictions of the conduct of Russia toward Persia, the Khanates and Afghanistan, have proved remarkably accurate. A longer account of his career has been given in Syad Ameer All's article on "England and (Russia in Afghanistan" in the Nineteenth Century for May, 1905.

KARKARIA, RUSTOMJI PESTONJI (1869–)

Born at Bombay, May 16, 1869 : educated at St. Xavier's School and College : B.A., 1888 : Senior Fellow : Asst. Professor of English and History, 1891 : Examiner to the Bombay University in History, Geography, Logic, Moral Philosophy, Political Economy : helped to found, 1896, the Collegiate Institution : became its Principal and Professor of English Literature : his action in obtaining the recognition of private colleges led partly to the Universities Act of 1904 : Fellow of the Royal Historical Society, 1898 : M.R.A.S. Bombay, 1888 : M.R.A.S. Great Britain 1900 : Member of the American Oriental Society, 1897 : has contributed papers to many Journals of Societies, also to the Anglo-Indian and English newspapers on Indian subjects : discovered and published Carlyle's Lectures on European Literature, with notes; author of works on Indian History and Politics, Sivaji, Akbar, Essays on English History, India under Victoria, on the Native Press, translated the Parsi Sacred Book, the Dinkard : served on Committees of the Parsi community to consider questions of Religious Education, of Social Amelioration, of admitting proselytes, and other subjects on which he has written largely.