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 in Mathura and Bulandshahr : built a Catholic Church at Mathura : wrote Mathura, a District Memoir, 1880 : and an English translation of the Ramayana of Tulsi Das, 1883 (said to occupy the place almost of a Bible among the people of the N.W. Provinces) : also Bulandshahr, 1884 : he ardently defended the purity of the vernacular Hindi, as opposed to the official Hindustani : Member of the Asiatic Society of Bengal : a learned Oriental scholar and archaeologist: C.I.E., 1879 : retired 1890 : died May 19, 1893.

GRUNWEDEL, ALBERT (1856–)

Born at Munich, July 31, 1856 : son of Karl Grlinwedel, an artist : educated at the Max-Gymnasium at Munich, and later (1876–82) studied Archaeology, classical Philology, Sanskrit, Pali, Tibetan, at the Munich University : Dr. : chiefly known as a Tibetan scholar, and leading authority in the history of Indian (especially Buddhist) art : has been, since 1882, Assistant Director of the Royal Museums at Berlin, and is Director of the Asiatic Section of the Berlin Ethnographical Museum (1904) : Corresponding Member of the Royal Bavarian Academy of Sciences at Munich (1900), and of the Oriental Division of the Archaeological Society at St. Petersburg (1901) : his chief works are : Buddhistische Kunst in Indien, 1893, etc., translated into English in 1901 : his Lepcha-English Dictionary, compiled from General Mainwaring's MSS., 1898 : Mythologie des Buddhismus in Tibet und der Mongolei, 1900. His Report on his archaeological labours in Idikutsari (Turfan), 1905, is the result of his travels (1902–3) in Chinese Turkistan (Turfan) in the company of Dr. Huth.

GUBBINS, MARTIN RICHARD (1812–1863)

I.C.S. : educated at Haileybury, 1829–30 : went out to India in 1830 : served in the N.W. P. and in Oudh on its annexation in 1856, when he was made its Financial Commissioner. In the mutiny, he took a leading part in the operations at Lucknow : had charge of the Intelligence Department : advocated various measures, some of which were adopted, and some, such as the disarmament of the native troops, were not accepted by Sir H. Lawrence : served throughout the siege of Lucknow : "retrenched and completed the post which bore his name, and was eminent among those who fought hard and laboured unceasingly." After the relief, he was with Sir Colin Campbell at Cawnpur: ill-health then compelled him to go to England. He was Judge of the Agra Chief Court, 1858–63 : died May 6, 1863 : wrote The Mutinies in Oudh.

GUBERNATIS, COUNT ANGELO DE (1840–

Born April 7, 1840, at Turin : descended from ancient family of Provence : studied first at Turin : in 1862, sent by the Italian Government to continue his philological studies in Berlin under Weber and Bopp : appointed, 1863, Professor of Sanskrit and Comparative Literature at the Institut des Etudes Superieures in Florence : in 1881, King Himibert con- firmed to him the title of Count, borne formerly by his ancestors : visited India in 1885 and 1886, and on his return founded an Indian Museum, and an Italian Asiatic Society at Florence : appointed, 1890, to his present position. Professor of Sanskrit and Italian Literature at the University of Rome : has travelled much, and is a prolific and many-sided writer, poet, dramatist, author of many works on Italian literature, and a Sanskritist : has written on the mythology of the Vedas : Le fonti vediche delV epopea, 1867, etc. : other works are :—Piccola enciclopedia Indiana, 1867; Letterattura Indiana, 1883 : Storia dei viaggiatori italiani nelle Indie, 1875; Il Dio Indra nel Rigveda : Primi Venti Inni del Rigveda (translated with notes) : Drammi indiani, in verse : Zoological Mythology, etc. : elected an honorary member of the Royal Asiatic Society, and of its branch in Bombay, besides belonging to other learned Societies : delegate of the Italian Government at International Congresses of Orientalists.

GUISE, JOHN CHRISTOPHER (1826–1895)

Lt- General : son of Sir J. Guise, Bart. : born 1826 : entered the Army, 1845 : served in the Crimea with the 90th Light Infantry : in the mutiny at siege and capture of Lucknow : led the attack on the Sikandrabagh : V.C. for gallantry in action on Nov. 16 and 17, 1857, at Lucknow : C.B. : died Feb. 5, 1895.