Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 2.djvu/81

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 * ellopia.

renuOns. (Horn. IL ii. 739, is. p. 440; Steph. B. t.v. 'HXo^; Leake, Norihem Cfrteee, toL iii* pw345). ELLOTIA. [EuBOKA.] ELORUS. [Hblorus.1 ELU'RO. [LACETANig E'LUSA. [Elubatm.] ELUSA'TES, a people of Aquitania who wore Rnbdned b. c. 56 by P. Craasiu. a legatus of Caesar {B. G. iii. 27). Hiny (iv. 19) enumerates them between the Ansd and the Sotiates. [Ausd.] Their chief town, Elosa, is mentioned in the Antonine Itin. on a road from Bardigala (BardeoMx) to Narbo {Narborme). It is called Givitas Elosa, and is placed 12 M. P. after Matatio Scittio, which is Sotinm (Sos). l^rom Civitas Elnsa to Givitas AiMcios iAMch) is 80 M. P. Glandianns (m Bujim, L 137) mentions Elusa — '* Invadit mnros Elosae, noUsiima dodom Tecto petens." The modem town of Eaiui9f in the department of (hriy is near the old site, which is called CvriUU, a cormpiion of Civitas. Ammianns (xv. 11), if his text is right, places Elosa in Narbonensis, whhsh is not correct The Kotitia of the Gallic provinces makes the Givitas Elosatiom the metropolis of No- vempopohma. [G. L.] ELU'SIO, a city of Narbonensis, which the Jero- salem Itin. places on the road from Tolosa {Tvulotue) to Narbanne. It is 20 M. P. from Touloute to Elosio^ and 33 M. P. from Elosio to Carcaso {Car- cassonne). The position of St. Pierre dElzonne (Egiise deMontfernnd) seems to be the sita [G.L.] ELYGO'CI ('EXvicoMOiX a people of Gallia Nar- bonensis, mentioned only by Ptolemy (iL 10), who makes Alba Aogusta their capital D'^ville, Walckenaer, and others, suppose that Ptolemy's Elyood is a corroption of Helvii ; and it may be some argument in favour of this supposition that both people had a capital Alba. [Alba Helviorum.] But, on the other hand, Ptolemy places the Elycoct on the east side of the Rhone, uid the Helvii are on the west side. [G. L.] E'LYMA. [Elymi.] ELYMA. [EuMBiA.] EL YMAIS Ih *EKvfjuMts, Strab. xvi. p. 744 ; Joseph. AnL zii. 13; Steph. B. s. v.: in 0. T. Elam; *£Xu- ^loua, Strab. xL p. 524: Eih, 'EAv/muoi, Strab. zL pp. 522,524: zvi. p. 739; Plol. vi. 3. § 3; ^^Xofu- Tcu, Act Apost ii. 9;''£v/toc, Joseph. Ant. i. 7), a province usually considered part of die larger district of Sosiana; but it is difficult to define its limits, as the classical writers speak of it, for the most part, with great indistinctness. Thus from Strabo (xi. p. 524) it Blight be inferred, that Be considered it to extend considerably to the N. and quite up to the southern boundary of Media Magna; while, in another place, he would seem to consider it simply as one of sevend provinces which he enumerates to the east- ward of Babylonia (xvi. p. 736). The most distinct statement which that geographer makes, is where he etates that Elymais joins Susis (the province of Susiatta), while the country round Mt. Zagros and Media join Elymais (xvi. p. 744). According to this view, Elymais would comprehend the rugged monn- taun tract formed by the southern spurs of Mt. Zagros, S. of Media and N. of Susiana. According to St^hanus, it was a part of Assyria in the direction and near the Persian province of Susb ; and the sacred writers appear to indicate that it fiLYtfAId. was sometimes subject to Assyria an^ sometimes t6 Babylonia (Jsaiahf xxii. 6; Ezek. xxxii. 24). Pliny, on the other hand, extends Elynais to the shores of the Persian gulf (vi. 27, s. 81), — in which view he is supported by the Epitomizer of Strabo (xi. p. 148X and Ptolemy (vi. 3. § 3), — making its northern limit, towards Susiana, the river Enlaeus. According to this, Elymais would com- prehend the country between the Enlaeus, theOroatis (the boundary of Persia), and the Persian gulf. It is probable that the character of the people, who were for the roost part a warlike mountain tribe, at different periods of their history possesrang a widely diverse extent of tenritoiy, led ancient geo^frapben to describe their locality with so iitde precision. In its widest extent, Elymais is said to have had three eparchies which were included in it, GaUana, Mas- sabatica, and Gorbiana. (Strab. xvi. p. 745.) In other i^aces, the Gossaei, Paraetacae, and Uxii, and the district of Sittaoene and ApoUoniatis, are men- tioned in connection with the peojde or land of Elynuus. (Strab. xvi. pp. 732, 736, 739, 744.) Bi the Bible, Elam and Media are constantly in con- nection, and it is not improbable that at that remote period Elam and its inhabitants occupied much of the country which in the later and classical ages was assigned to Persia, {fsaiahy xxi. 2 ; Jer. zxv. 25.) It is not, however, posmble to draw from the notices in Holy Scripture any certain geographical in* ferences. It would seem that it was generally held that Sons and Elymais, though adjoining, were separate territories, though the exact limxta of the former, also, are not easDy to be ascertuned. Indeed, Strabo (xi. p. 524, xvi. p. 744) speaks of ware between them, in which the people of Elymais were able to bring into the field as many as 13,000 cavalry. In the notice of Persian nations in Etn, the people of Sosa and Elam are separately eno- merated (iv. 9); though, in Daniel, the metro- polis of Susiana, is placed in Elam (viii. 2). The government of the country was fitrni very eariy times under independent kings, probably robber chieftains ; of these, two are mentioned by name in the Bible; Ghedorlaomer, the coiitemporaxy with Abraham, in Genesis (xiv. 1), and Arioch, during the rule (k Nebuchodonosor, in Judith (i. 6). Stnbo bears testimony to the iact that the Elymaei akoe were never subdued by the Parthian kings, but were able even to exact a yearly tribute from them (xL p. 722). With regard to the name of this province there can be no doubt that it is derived from the Hebrew Elam, while its population are c<»ridered to be Semitic, Elam being one of the sons of Shem (^Gen. X. 92). Yet, from the position of the district, there was probably a large intermixture of an Indo-Ger- manic element (See comparison of Elam with the Pehlvi Aiijama by Mliller, Jour. Asiat vol. Vli. p. 299.) The character of the people, as de- scribed in the Bible, is in accordance wid tlw notices of the classical writers. Like the Persians of later times, and their neighbours the Gossaei, they seem principally to have used the bow and arrow. (/Mii<^ xxii. 6; Jer. xlix. 35 ; Appian, i^. 82; Stnb. xrii. p. 744 ; Liv. xxxv. 48, xxxvii. 40.) There was, how- ever, besides, a considerable settled population, who cultivated the plain-country. It has been osoal to describe several towns, as Seleuceia, Solooe, Soomte, Badaca, and Elymais, and the rivers Enlaeus, Bedy- phon or Hedypnus, and Goprates, as beloDging to Elymais. Ab, however, they belong with eqssl justice to the huger. and better known province of