Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 2.djvu/68

 EION. in the HeUenie itjle, hate ben found on the left benk of the Strymoa beyond the ferry. Theee ruioe belimg to the Byzantme period, «nd haye been attri- buted to a town of the Lower Empire, Koftnltrofi, which the Italians have oonyerted into C<mUt$a, These remains at the ferry stand nearly, if cot ex- actly, on the site of Efon on the Strynum. (Leake, Northern Greece, toL iii. p. 172.) 2. A town of Pieria. (Steph. B. <. v.; Enstath. op. J7bm./LiLp.287.) 3. A colony of the Mendaeans, which was be- txayed to the Athenians, and retaken by the Ghalci- disiisand Bottiaeans,B. a 425 (Thnc iy. 7); which Eostathios (I e.) placed in the CherBonesiis, bnt, as this is much too remote for the Ghalddians to have mamhed thither to recover a town, Arnold (ap. Tkuc* t.o.) sappoeed there might have been a fonith Efon, on some point of the long and winding coast which extends fimn the Strymon to the Azins. [E.B. J.] EION or EIONES (*Huir, Died.; 'Hi^cf, Hom., Strab.), a town in the Aigolic peninsula, mentioned bj Homer along with Troezen and Epidaurus. It is said to have been one of the towns founded by the Dryopes, when they were expelled from their ■eats in Northern Greece by Hercules. Strabo rfr- ktes that the Myoenaoans expelled the inhabitants of Eiones, and made it thmr sea-port, but that it had entirely disappeared in his time. Its positun is uncertain; but, in consequence of the preceding statement of Strsbo, it is placed by Curtins in the phun of KauUa, (Diod. iv. 37; Hom. II u. 661 ; Stnb. viiL p. 373 ; Curtius, Pekpomteaoif vol iL pp. 467, 580.) EIRA. [Ira.] EIBE'SIDAEorEBESIDAE. [AincA, p.334.] ELAEA ('£Ao(a: £th, 'EAotnif), au AeoUc dty of Ana, the port of the Pergameni. (Steph. B. #. v.) According to the present text of Stephanus, it was also called Gidaenis (Kida<y<f ), and was founded by Menestheus; bnt it seems likely that there is some error in the reading Gidaenis (Heineke ad Steph. B. f. v.). Strabo (p. 61 5) places Ekea south of the river Gaicus, 12 stadia from the river, and 120 stadia from Pergamum. Th^ Gaicus enters a bay, which was called EUiticus, or the bay of Elaea. Strabo calb the bay of Elaea part of the bay of Adramyt- tium, but very incorrectly. He has the story, which Stephanus has taken from him, that ** Elaea was a settlement made by Menestheus and the Athenians with him, who joined the war against Ilium" (p. 122); but Strabo does not expUin how it could be an Aeolian city, if this stoiy was true. It is supposed that the coins of Ebea, which bear the head and name of Menestheus, are some evidence of its Athenian origin; but it is no evidence at alL Herodotus (L 149) does not name Elaea among the Aeolian cities. SUabo makes the bay of Ehwa ter- minate on one side in a point called Hydra, and on the other in a promontory Harmatus; and he esti- mates the width between these points at 80 stadia. Thucydides (viiL 101) places Harmatus opposite to Hethymnai from which, and the rest of tibe narra- tive, it is dear that he fixes Harmatus in a difierent phwe from Strsba The exact site of Elaea seems to be uncertain. Leake, in his map, fixes it at a place marked KUeeUy on the road from the south to JPeigamum {Bergamah). ScyUx (p. 35), Mek (i. 18), Pliny (v. 82), and Ptolemy (v. 2), all of ,whom mention Elaea, do not hdp us to the predse pJace; all we lean from them is, that the Gaicus /lowed beti(reen Pitane and Elaea. ELAEUS. 809 The name of Ekea occuxs in the history of the kings of Pergamum. From Livy (xxxv. 13), it appears, as Sfarabo tells ns, that those who would reach Pergamum from the sea, would land at Elaea. (Gomp. Liv. xxxvi. 43, xxxvii. 18. 37; Polyb. xvi. 41, xxi. 8). One of the passages of Livy shows that there was a small hill {tuniuhui) near Ehea, and that the town was in a plain and walled. Elaea was damaged by an earthquake in the reign of Trajan, at the same time that Pitane sufifored. [G. L.] GOIK OF ELAEA. ELAEA, an island on the Propontis, mentioned by Pliny (v. 32); but it is not certain which of the several sniall blands be means. [G. L.] ELAEA ('EAoia, PtoL v. 14. S 3), a promontory on the N£. coast oif Grote, which Pococke (2Vav. vol. il p. 218) calls Chaule-fntmau, (Gomp. Ensel, Kffproe, vol. L p. 89.) [E. B. J.J ELAEA, ELAEA'TIS. [Acherok.] ELAEUS. I. ('EXoiof, written 'EAojoOs in Marcian, Per^l p. 70), was an emporium or trading place on the coast of Bithynia at the mouth of a ri?er of the same name. Elaeus was 120 stadia west of Gales. [Gauss.] 2. PhK»d by PHny in the Sinus Doridis; but no- thing is known of it [Gbrameious.] [G. L.] ELAEUS ('EAoiovf y *EKwvs)y the southernmost town of the ThxadanGbersonese, within less than one day's sail of Lomnos with a northerly wind(Herod. vL 140), and a colony of Teos in Ionia (Scymn. 786). It was celebrated for its tomb, temple, and sacred grove of the hero Protesilaus. The temple, con- spicuously plsced on the sea-shore, was a scene of worship and pilgrimage, not merely for the inhabit- ants of Elaeus, but also for the neighbouring Greeks generally ; and was enriched with ample votive ofierings, and probably deposits for security-— money, gold and silver saucers, bronze implements, robes, and various other presents. (Herod. viL 33, ix. 116 ; Strab. xiiL p. 595 ; Pans. L 34. § 2, iii. 4. § 5 ; Plin. xvi 99 ; Philostr. Eer, iL 1 ; TzeU. a<<Z^532.) Artayctes, the Persian commander at Sestus, stripped the sacred grove of Protesilaus of all the treauurei, and profaned it by various acts of out- rage, in consequence of which the Athenian com- mander, Xanthippus, and the dUzens of Elaeus crudfied Artayctes, when Sestus was taken by the Greeks. (Herod, ix. 118— 120.) In B.C. 411, the Athenian squadron under Thrasyllus eecaped with difficulty from Sestus to EUeus (Thuc. viiL 102); and it was here, just before the fetal battle of Aegoe- Potami, that the 180 Athenian triremes arrived in time to hear that Lysander was master of Lamp- sacus. (Xen. HelL ii. 1. § 20.) In B. c. 200, Elaeus surrendered voluntarily to PhiUp v. (Liv. xxxL 16) ; but in B.G. 190 the citizens made overtures to the Romans. (Liv. xxxvii. 9.) Gonstantine*s fleet in the Second Givil War, A. D. 323, took up its moorings at Ekeus, while that of Lidnius was anchored off the tomb of Ajax, in the Troad. (Zosim. ii. 23 ; Le Bean, Bat Empire, voL L p. 216.)