Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 2.djvu/53

 794 DUBOOOBTOBUU. places IB tnu»d at the present time. Where this crosses the Fosis-road, drencetier stands, abundant in Roman remains of all kinds. Namefornamej as well 9b place for plaeey Diaro^ comorium ss Cormeumt i. e. Duro-com^yivLm is CoTM-eum in a compound form. The root lies in the name of the present river Chum; so that Corw- sum is simplj the Ckum^ and Duro-coni-ovinm is the CAtim-water. The fact of the Boman towns being synoDymous with the rivers on which thej stood has ahvadj been noticed. [Deva; Des- VKHno.] [R. G. L.] DUBOCORTORUM {Rewu), is mentioned by Caesar (J?. G. vi. 44) as a town of the Remi, the first Belgio people north of the Matrona (ifame). It afterwards took the name of the peopde, Bemi, from which codms the modern name Rehni. Strabo (p. 194), who writes the name Dorioortora (Aovpi- K6pT0fM calls it the metropolis of the Bemi, and says that it '* receives the Boman governors ;" which Walckenaer interprets to mean that it was the resi- dence of the Boman governors of Gallia Logdnnensis. The importance of the position is shown by the great nmnber of Boman roads which ran from Daro- cortomm to all points of the compass. Ptolemy (ii. 9), who mentions it as the principal town of tiie Bemi, has the form AovpoK&rropo¥; and Stephanos B. (s. V.) has AopoiciTTOfiOf, with an Ethnic name AopoKorrSfHos, It is probable that the genuine name is given by Caesar and by Strabo; for Dur is a common element in Gallic names, both at the be- ginning and at the end; and the word Cort appears also in the names Corterate and Cortoriacnm. Coins of Durocortorum are given by Mionnet In a iiagment of an oration of Fronto (C Fron- tonii JieUqmaef ed. Niebuhr, p. 271) there are the words " et illae vestrae Athenae Durooorthoro," from which it is inferred that there was a school at Duro- cortorum', where rhetoric, a &vonrite study of the Galli, was cultivated. In Ammiauns (zv. 11) the place is called Bemi, and enumerated among the chief cities of Belgica Secunda. It was made the Metropolis of Belgica Secunda, and became an archi* episcopal see. The beautiful cathedral, in which the French kings were crowned, is said to have been built originally on the site of a Boman temple. Reims is on a stream, as the name implies, the Fele^ a branch of the Aime, Beims contained many edifices of the Boman period, out of the materials of which it is probable that the great churches have been constructed. There is still a triumphal arch, oommonly called " L'Arc de triomphe de la porte de Mars," of un- certain date. It consists of three arches yrith eight Corinthian columns. The central and largest arch is about 87 feet high; the whole is ornamented with bas-reliefs. The rubbish has been cleared away from the arch, and it has undergone some restorations, which do not appear to have improved it. There was another triumphal arch erected by Flavins Con- stantinus, but it has been destroyed. About 400 paces from the triumphal arch of the gate of Mars is the Moni-dArene, the form of which shows it to have been an amphitheatre; but there is no evidence that it was ever constructed of stone. It is con- jectured that the enclosure wss of wood. The ca- th edral contains a piece of Roman sculptnn com- monly called the tomb of Jovinus, who attained to the honour of the Roman consulship. The reliefs are said to be in a good style. There are some traces of ancient Thermae at Jiewu in three houaee in the DURVUS MONS. Rue du CloUrt. Bergier, who wrote on the Bomaa roads, traced seven which branched out from Reims. The authority for the antiquities of Beims is the Description Hiatonqm et Statistiqiie de la VUle de Reims, par J. B.F. Gyruses. [G. L.] DUBOLEVUM. [Dubobriyak, in KettL'] DUBOLIPONS. [DuROBUTAE, north of tba Thames,'] DUBOLITUM, in Britain, mentioned in the ninth Itinerary as bemg 15 miles from LomdoHj in the di- rection of NorwidL Another reading makes tbm distance 17 miles. The line of this road is pro- bably indicated by the syllable Strat- in ^JTo^ford (east of London). Leyt^oa or Xeyt-on-stooe ssDoro- lit-nm. [B. G. L.] DUBCnnA, a city of Samninm, mentioned onlj by Livy (z. 39), who telk us that it was taken bj the Boman consul L.Papirios in B. a 293; and from the amount of booty t^cen, and number of pp r soM put to the sword, it would seem to have been a con- siderable town. Its site is supposed by Italian topo- graphers to be occupied by a place called Cinta Veeckia, 10 miles N. of Bojano (Boviannm), and 3 from MoUsey beneath which flows a small atnuHf said to be still called the Duronet a tributary of tlie Trigno or Trininm. (Galanti, Descr. ddU Dme Sieil, lib. iz. c 4; Bomanelli, vol iL p. 472.) This locality was certainly that of an ancient city, bat the evidence to connect it with Duronia is fisr from satisfactory. [E.H.B.] DUBO'NUM, a town in North Gallia. The An- tooine Itin. and the Table place Ihirommi between Bagacum (Bovoy) and Yerbinum ( Vervimsy. The distance from Bagacum to Dnnmum is 12 Gallic leagues m the Itin.,and 1 1 in the Table. Both autho- rities make it 10 from Duronum to VeihiBonL The term Duronum indicates a place on a stream, and the place which corresponds to the position in the Itins. viEstreimgla ChoMssieyW Esinm Ctmekiefta D'An- ville writes iL The word Estrun is a oarruption of Strata, one of the later Boman names for a road; and Cowrie or ChaussSe is a corruption of the late Latin fixm " Caloeia.'* Befiore reaching Verrinsi, there is a place at the passage of the river Oise named Estrie-oupOHt, a clear indication of the di- rection of the old road. Nothing is known of Du- ronum; but these remarks of D'Anville are useful in showing what are the indications of ancient roads in France. (D'Anville, Notice, &c.) [G. L.] DUBCrSTORUM, DUBO'STOLUM (Aoiip^<rro. poK, AevpoffToAor or 'Os), a place of Lower Moesia, on the southern bank of the Danube. It was an important town and fortress, in whidi, according to Ptolemy (iii. 10. § 10), the legio prima Itaiioa was stationed, while according to others, it was the head- quarter of the leifio XL Claudia. Durostorum is also celebrated as the birthplace of Aetins. ( Jovnand. Get. 43; comp. 115; Amm. Marc, zzvii. 4; Proo^ De Aed. iv. 7 ; HierocL p. 636 ; TheophyL i. 8, vL 6; Itin. Ant 223; Geogr. Rav. iv. 7.) [L. S.] DUROTRIGES, m Britain, mentioned by Ptolemy as lying south and west of the Belgae, =» i>orHWt^ shire. [R.G.L.] DUROVERNUM. [Dubobrivae, in KaU.] DURVUS MONS. The SL Jmmerthal and the Munsterthal, in the canton ef Bern in Switzerland, are separated by a rocky barrier of the Jura, in which is the cleft through which the road leads fion Biel to B6le and Porentrujf. It is supposed by some writers to have been a natural cleft in which the Romans formed their road^as a RoixMn ioscriptiflB