Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 2.djvu/51

 ^92 DURIUS. speaks of it as having its source dose to that of the Dnientia (^Durance), (Strab. iv. pp. 203, 205.) 2. The Doria Mukm' or Dora Ripcuria rises in the Cottian Alpe (the Mont GeMvre)^ ahnost in the same spot with the Draentia; it flows by Susa (Se- gnsio), and falls into the Po at Tirtn (Augusta Taurinoruni). The geographer of Ravenna calls it simply Dana, without any distinctive epithet. Though inferior to the preceding river, it is a large stream, having its source among the high Alps, and being ^ by numerous torrents from perpetual snows and glaciers, so that at the point of its junction with the Po it is httle inferior to that river. [E. H. B.] DU'RIUS (4 Ao^fHos or Aovpiof, Stiab. ilL pp.153, foU., 162; AdptoSf Appian, Hisp^ 72, 90; AaplaSy PtoL ii. 5. §§ 2, foil., Marc. Heracl. p. 43; At&pios, Dion Cass, zxxvii. 52 ; Duria, Claudian. Laud.Seren, 72 : I>uero)j one of the chief rivers of Hisponia, rises in M. Idubeda (Sierra de Urbion), among the Pe- lendones, flows W. through the Celtiberi and Vaccaei, and past the cities of Numantia and Seguntia^ and falls into the sea between Cale and Langobriga. Its lower course divided Lusitania on the S. from His- pania Tarraconoisis on the N. Its whole length was estimated at 1370 stadia, of which 800 stadia, from its mouth upwards, were navigable for large vessels. (Strab. 0. cc.; Mela,iii. 1. §§ 7, 8; Plin. iv. 20. s. 34). Its deposits contained gold (Sil. Ital. i. 234). Its chief tributaries were, on the right or N. side, the Arbva, the PI30RACA {Piauerga^ and the Astura {Eskk) ; and on the left, the Cuda (Coa). [P. S.] DURNOMAGUS. [Buruncus.] DURNOVARIA, in Britain, mentioned in the 12th and 15th Itineraries, and generally admitted to be, place for place, and (to a certain extent) name for name, the modem Dorchester (in the county of Dorsetf as opposed to the Oxfordshire Dorchester). The root d-r is a common rather tiian a proper xuune, as is suggested by the fact of its re-occur- rence. [DuROBRiVAE.] Definite remains of the old Roman wall have been noticed by Dr. Stukely as still standing *' twelve foot thick, made of rag- stones, laid side by side and obliquely, then covereii over with very strong mortar." Roman coins, which are often found here, are called Dom -pennies. Re- mains of Roman camps, and probable re^ min" "^ a R oman amphitheatre, attest theim^prtanoe of the aiiaentT5uniovatia. ^^ [R. (j. L.] DUROBRIVAE, in Kent, mentioned in the second Itinerary as being the second station from London in the direction of Richborough (Rutupae), and by general consent fixed at Rochester, The prefix dur^ being one which will reappeifi', may conve- niently be noticed here. It is the Keltic dwr= water; so that the local names wherein it occurs are the Keltic analogues to the English terms Water- ford, Bridge-«;a<er, &c. Camden has pointed out the following corruptions of the form Durobrivae, viz.: Durobrovaef DwohrevU^ and Civitas Roihi^ from which comes the Saxon ^rq/0-ceaster=3jRo- ehuier. In the foundation charter of the cathedral, Rochester is expressly called Durdbrovoie. The Rochester river (dtrr) is the Medway. In the third and fourth Itineraries we also find Durobrivae (in all cases, twenty-seven Roman miles from London). This, along with the satisfactoiy character of the evidence in favour of Rochester, makes the present notice a convenient place for the investigation of JDuro-levum and 2)«ro-vemum. Durolevwn is the next stage to Rochester in the second Itinerary, and here JDurovemum is twenty- DUROBRIVAE. eight miles from Durohrhae. But in the Best two Itineraries the distance is only twenty-five. This (as Horsely remarks) makes it necessaxy to consider Dnrolevum as lying somewhat out of the direct road« Now at Zen-ham (on the river Len) we have Roman remains, and so we have at Charing (also oo the Len). One of these was probably the Roman Duro-i(eotifn, or (considering the name of the river, along with the likelihood of that of the station being the same, the chances of confuaon between v and u, and, lastly, the fact of the names Deva and J>eima' (q. V.) being actually confused) Duro-2aiian; a read- ing already suggested by previous investigaton. The present writer, then, fixes DwoUvum X-leamn) on the Lerij assuming the likelihood of an improved reading, and laying great stress on the n«ne. At the same time, he adds that Newington, Sitting- bourne, Milton, and Faversham (all on a diffievent line of road) have found supporters. Dorovemum is genenHlj identified with Canter- bury. It is mentioned in the same Itineraries with the other two stations. The river (dwr) here is the Stour. Ptolemy's form is Darvenum (Aape^tw), At Rochester r^nuns of the ancient Durobrivae ars sufficiently abundant ; e.g. coins of Vespasian, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus Pins, M. Aurelius Antoninns, Constantius, and Constantine, fibulae, and pottery. At Canterbury the evidence is of the same kind; coins being numerous, and there being also traces of the two great Roman roads which led to Doner (Dubris) and LymM (Lemanis). [R. G. L.] DUROBRIVAE, in Britain, to the north of the Thames, and different from the Durobrivae last mentioned. It appears in the fifth Itinerary; and, as the form is Durobrivae, vre are thus enabled to give the true teimination to the word, here and elsewhere, and become justified in dealing with it as a feminine plural in -ae. In the Itinerary wherein it appears its place is the seventh on the road frmt Londinium to Luguvallium (London and CarUeUy. Not one, however, of the six statsMis that precede it is identified in an absolutely satisfactory noanner; although with some of them opinion is nearly on* animous. On the other hand, however, Durobrivae has, as the first station beyond it, Causennae, and, as the second, Lindum, — Causennae being abnoH ^ certainly Ancatterj and Lindum being as unequivocal a locality as any in Britain, sss Lincoln. Hence, Durobrivae was two stations firom Lmoob^ m the direction of London. The station immediately on the other side was Dnrolipons, a station which will be dealt with in the present notice, rather than imder its own. The fifth Itineraiy runs: — ^ Item Londinio Lugn^iallio ad vallum M. P. ccccxliil.: sic, — M.P. Caesaromago ... xxviii. Colonia .... zxiiii Villa Faustini ... xxxv. Icianos .... xviii. Camborioo ... zxxv. Duroliponte ... xxv. Durobrivas ... xxxv. Causenms ... zxx. Lindo .... xxvi" &c Against Causennae ss^fioeuter the objections are so slight as to make the identification one of the second degree of certainty, at least. Again, the traces, of a Roman road, running nearly due north and south of Ancaster (i. e. without any wide compaas or