Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 2.djvu/366

 UYftlA. ncniiooed both bjPlinj and Ptalemj amoDg Uie dtias of the Daanian or Northern Apuluuw: the former, in- deedyappeam to pkoe it S. of the promontory of Oar- gannsy bat this in probably only an apparent inao- cura^ arising from the order of enumeration/ Bat he afterwards notices the Hyrini (by which it is impos- sible that he can mean the Hyria in Calabria) in his geooral list of tofwns in the uUerior of the Second Begion. There is no mode of expUining tins, except bj supposing it to.be a simple mistake. (Plin. iii. 1 1. a. 16; PtoL iiL 1. § 17.) Dionysins Periegetes also mentiooa Hyriom as a maritime dty at the entnmce of the Adiiatio Sea (which he probably regarded as commencing at the promontory of Garganus), and the limit of lapygia towards the N. (Dionys. Per. 880) : hence, it is clearly of the ApoUan dty that he is speaking. No mention of it is found in history: and the best due to its position is derived firomStrabo, who tells us it was the first city which oocurred on the N. side of Mt. Qarganus, afUr doubling the pro- montory of that name. Hence, we may place it, apprasunatdy at least, oo the site of Eodif a small town on a projecting point or headland, about 20 miles W. of Viegtiy and near the entrance of a salt- water lake, or bgoon, called Logo di Farano, a name which is very probably only a corruption of Lacus Uiianus. (Bomanelli, vol iL p. 283.) To this dty may probably be ascribed Uie coins with the legend TPIATINXIN, which were assigned by MUlmgcn rJVwn. de (/tolie, p. 119) to Veretom in CahOiria.^-eW' ^r f "'^^4^^, 69 8. (Eth. TpcMier). The eiBleiRe of a third dty of the name in Campania, though resting only on numismatic evidence, may be considered as well established. The coins in question, which are of silver and very numerous, have not only types pecu- liar to Campania, but are always found in that country, and frequently together with coins of NoU, which tiiey so doedy resemble that some numis- matists are of opinion that Hjrium or Hyrina was a native name of that dty. It is more probable that it was atnated in its immediate ndghbourhood ; perhaps standing in the same idation to it that Palaeopdis did to Neapolis : but, in other case, the absence of all notice of the name in any andent writer is very remarkable. (MilKngen, Num. de FAue, IUmL p. 188 : Cavedoni, Num, ItaL Vet, p. 31 ; Friedllnder, Otkuche JOntem, pp. 37, 38.) The legend TPINA is abbreviated from TPINAI03 w TPINAIflN: others, however, have (though much inoce^^arely) TPj[A9}q:S ud TPIETHX [E.H.B.] HYSUE HOT OOIH OF HYRIA UC CAMPAMiA. HTBIA (*TpCa: EilL 'Tpi^nft), a Boeotian town, mentioned by Homer along with Aulis. (Horn. JL iL 496.) Hence it was phu^ed near Aulis; but its position was quite uncertain, and some of the andent critics identified it, though without sufficient reason, with Hysiae. Strabo pbced it in the terri- t4M7 of Tanagia. (Strab. ix. pp. 404, 408; Steph. B. s. v.; Plin. iv. 7. s. 12.) U Y'BIE, a kOce in Aetolia. [Aktulia, p. 64, a.] UYBAUliE Ctpiiiyn), a town of EJ^, upon the coast, mentioned by Homer as one of the towns of the Epeii It appean to have been regarded as one of the roost andeut of the Epdan towns, since it is said t» have hem founded by Actcnr, the son of Hynnine, who was a daughter of Epdua. In the time of Strabe the town had disappouned, but its site was marked by a rocky promontory near Gyllene, called Hormina or Hynnina. Leake supposes that the town occupied the podtion of Kaetro Tcmhe, on the peninsula of KhmuJbd; but both BobUye and Curttns, with more probability, fdaoe it further north, at the modem harbour of KymipHi^ where, on a projecting pdnt of land, are some ancient ruins. (Horn. IL iL 616; Stnb. viiL p. 341 ; Paos. v. 1. §§6, 11-, StepLB. s. v.; PluL iv. 5. s. 6; Leake, Jfot^eo, voL ii. p. 176; BobUye, Beckerches^ fc. p. 120; Curtius, Pdopon- nesM, vol. ii. p. 33.) HYRTACraA i'TproKiva: "tptrtudifa, Scyl. p. 18; 'A^ttTo, Ptol. iiL 17. § 10 : Eth/rprtucos, TfnoKiyoSf Steph. B.), a dty of Crete, which, little as we kam of its positbn from Ptolemy and Sle- phanus of Byzantiimi, yet we i^ay safdy infer from the former's words that it was dtuated to the S£. of Polyrrhenia, and to the W. of Lappa. Scylax (2. c.) teaches us more respecting its dte; he places it ou the & of the island, and to the S. of the Dictyn- nean temple of Artemis and the Pergamian district. These indications agree wdl with the ntuation of the ruins discovered by Mr. Psshley {Trav, voL iL p. Ill) on a hill near the viUage of Temema. Numerous vestiges of polygonal masonry on the N. and W. sides, and measuring little more than half a mile in length, are still existing. On the other ddes the city was predpitoos. It is curious to observe the care taken by the inhabitants in de- fending the gateways of their dty. Not only do waUs project without the gate, but flanking walls are executed withm, formmg passages through which the enemy would have to pass before he could set foot within the dty. The odns of Hyrtadna present types similar to those of Eljnnos, with the retrograde epigraph AT4T and TPTAKINION. (Rasche, vd. ii. i^. L p. 600^ Mionnet, Deter, det Mid. voL iL p. 277 ; Mionnet^ Supptement, voL iv. p. 324.) [E. B. J.] con OF UYBTACUIA. HY'SLAE CTcriof, *raia, Steph.B. s.tr.). 1. (^<A. 'Ttf'tff^s), a town of Boeotia, in the Paraaopia, at the northern foot of Mt Cithaeron, and on the high ruad from Thebes to Athens. It was sdd to have been a colony from Hyria, and to have been founded by Nycteos, father of Antiope. ' (Strab. ix. p. 404.) Herodotus says that both Hysiae and Oeno6 were Attie demi when they were taken by the Boeotians in B. c. 507. (Herod, v. 74.) It prdiably, however, belonged to Plataea. (Comp. Herod. vL 108.) Oenoe was recovered by the Athenians; but, as Mt. Ci- thaeron was the natural boundary between Attica and Boeotia, Hysiaie continued to be a Boeotiau tuwn. Hysiae is mentioned in the operations which pniceded the baUle of Phitaea. (Hetxxl. ix. 15, ;i5.) [Pla- TAKA.] Hybiae was in ruiu» iu the time sji Pali-