Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 2.djvu/33

 774 DICTYNNAEUM, P. vx, PICTYNNAEUM Pr. [Cadibtus.] ^ " DIDUHI (A£5o«poi, PW. V. 39. § 12), a nomad tribe in the bterior of Sannatia Aaiatica, who were fonnd W. of the Alondae. [E. B. J.] DIDYMA, DIDYML [Brahohidab.] DIDYMA TEIOHE (r^ A(8v/ia rcfxi?> This place is mentioned by Polybins (t. 77). Attains took Didyma Teiche after Caraeae. [Carskae.] Varions gneases hare been made about this place, but nothing is known. This may be the Didymon Teichos of Stephanns; and It is not decifdve against this supposition that Stephanns places it in Garia, for he is often wrong in such matters. [G. L.] DIDYME INSULA. [Abouab Ins.] DFDYMI (A(Sv/uot), a town of Hermionis on the road to Asine, contained in the time of Pausanias temples of Apollo, Poseidon, and Demeter, possessing upright statues of those divinities. It is still called ^idynutj a village situated in a valley 2 miles in diameter. On l£e north-eastern side of the valley rises a lofty mountain with two summits nearly equal in height, from which the name of Didymi is doubt- less derived. The valley, like many in Arcadia, is so entirely surrounded by mountains, that it has no outlet for its running waters, except through the mountains themselves. Mr. Hawkins found at the village a curious natural cavity in the earth, so regular as to appear artificial, and an ancient well with a flight of steps down to the water. (Pans. iL 36. §3; Gell, Ttmerary of Morea^ p. 199; Boblaye, JUeherckeij &o» p. 62 ; Leake, Pelaponnetiaeaf p. 289 ; Curtius, Peloponnetoif vol. i. p. 464.) DIDYMON TEICHOS (A/Sv/uok rcixof : Eth. AtSuyiOTf ixtroi), a city of Garia. (Stej^. B. «. v.) The place does not appear to be mentioned by any other authority. [G. L.] DIDYMOTEICHOS (Ai8tffi^«ixot), a Thramn town opposite to Plotinopolis, situated not &r firom the point where the Eurus empties itself into the Hebrus, on an island of the former. It is now called DemoHca. (Nicet. Ckr. p. 404.) [L. S.] DIGBA (Plin. vL 27. s. 31), a small town of Mesopotamia, on the Tigris, near the junction of that river with the Euphrates. Forbiger thinks it must be the same as the AtStyova or AtSoiryova o( Ptolemy (v. 20. § 4). In the Cod. Palat, of Pto- lemy it is written Aito^, which is almost the same word as Digba. It was below Apameia. [V.] DIGE'NTIA (Ltcensa), a small river in the country of the Sabines, falling into the Anio about 9 miles above Tibur, and a nule beyond Varia ( Vieo Varo). Its name is not mentioned by any of the geographers, and is known to us only from Horace {Ep. L 18. 104), whose Sabme farm was on its banks. This drcnmstance gives it an unusual de- gree of interest, and it will be convenient to bring together here all the notices found in the poet of the valley of the Digentia and its neighbourhood. The modem localities were first investigated with care and accuracy by the Abb^ Ghaupy in his Decowerte de la Maiton dHorcbce^ voL iii. Rome, 1769, but Holstenius had previously pointed out the identity of the Digentia with the Lieenaa^ and that this must therefore have been the site of Horace^ Sabine villa, which had hew erroneously placed by Gluverius and other earlier topographers on the slope of the moun- tains towards tlu Tiber. (Glnver. lied, p. 671; Holsten. AdnoL p. 106.) 1 . The Digentia, according to Horace, was a stream of very cold and clear water (gelidus Digentia ri- vus, {. c), deriving its principal supply of water from DIGEKTLA. a fine fountain in the immediate naghbourfaood of the poet*s villa. It flowed by a village called Man- dela, in a voy bleak situation (mgoros frigora pagns, ib. 105), the inhabitants of which were sup- plied with water from its stream. The lAcmaa joins the Anio immediately below a projecting rocky hill, now crowned by the convent of S, Cotunaio ; but on its left bank, about a mile finom its confluence, stands the village of Barddla^ the name of which ia an obvious corruption of Mandela. But in additioa to this, Chaupy discovered in the church of S, Cosi- matio an inscription of late Roman date, in which occur the words ** in prediis suls masse Mandelane.** (Chaupy, p. 249; OrelL /user. 104.) 2. The villa of Horace, with the hamlet or group of five houses attached to it, was itself in the terri- tory of, and dependent upon, the town of Varia (habitatum quinque focis et Quinqne bonos solitum Variam dimittere patres, Ep, i. 14. 3): the position of this at Vicovaro on the Valerian Way, 8 miles fhmi Tlvoli, is established beyond doubt [Varia.] 3. In one of his Epistles, evidently written fiom his villa, the poet concludes (i. 10. 49): '* Haec tibi dictabam post fimum pntre Vacunae,* and his commentator Acron tells us, on the autho- rity of Varro, that this Vacuna was a Sabine goddess, equivalent to the Roman Victoria. It is a curious oonfirmation of this, that an inscription preserved ai the village of Boeca Giotfone^ on the S. bank of the LicewBOy 3 miles from VicovarOf records the resto- ration of a fempfe of Victory j which had fallen iiUo ruin from its antiquity ^ by the emperor Vespasian, whose Sabine origin would naturally lead him to pay attenti<m to the objects of Sabine worship. (Imp. Caesar Vespasianus Aug. P. M. Trib. Pot Ceu. Aedem Victoriae vetwtaie dUap»am sua impensa restituit, Chaupy, p. 170: Orell. Inter. 1868.) The identity of this Aedes Victoriae with the " &num pntre Vacunae" of Horace can scarcely admit of a doubt The exact site of the temple, according to Chaupy, was about a mile beyond .Rooca (TibvaM, at a considerable elevation above the valley; here there still remain some fragments of Roman masonry, which may have formed part of the building, and it was here that the inscription above given was ac- tually discovered. (Chaupy, p. 169.) ^ 4. All these drcamstanoes combine to fix the site i of Horace's farm between the modem village ef ' Rocoa Giovane and that of lAcensOj which rises on a hill, a little further up the valley; and the remains of a villa, consbUng of a moMue pavement and some portions of brick walls, have actually been di»- oovered in a vineyard a short distance above the mill ^ which now exists on the river Licenea. There seems every reason to believe that these are in really the vestiges of the poet's villa, which appears, from various indications in his works, to have bem on the S. side of the valley. 5. The fountain alluded to by Horace as in the neighbourhood of his villa (^Ep. i. 16) is readily recognised in the source now called Fonte BMo^ from whidi the Licenza derives a considerable part of its supply. It has been commonly supposed that this was identical with the Fons Bandosiae, celebrated by Horace in a well-known ode {Carm^ m. 13), or at least that that fbuntsin was abo situ- ated in the same neighbourhood; but there is no authority for this, and Chaupy has given proofs which may be considered conclusive that the real Bandusia was in the neighbourhood of Venusia, and not of the Sabine fiun. [Bakdusias Fohb.]