Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 2.djvu/329

 1070 HIPPI PROM. HIPPI PROM. [Hippo Regius.] . HIPPICI MONIES (ri 'Imieii «/»». Ptol. t. 0), the N. ooiitinnation of the Cenanii M., a chain of iDOimUiiis on the W. haak of the Rha. [E. B. J.] HIPPO, in Spain. 1. [CARrKrAiri.j 2. U. Nova. A town belonging to the prorinoe of Baetica and the conrentus S[ Gordnba, near Cinmhram. (Plin. ill. 1. 8. 3.) [P. 6.] HIPPOCORO'NIUM ('IrroieopeJrwr), a dty in Crete mentioned hj Strabo (x. p. 472), which Hock has placed near Hierapjtna. Mr. PaBblej (Trav. ▼oL L p. 62) coDsiden that the modem Apohorona is a corraption of the ancient name. [E. B. J.] HIPPOCRE'NE FONS. [Hbuoow-I HIPPOCU'RA Cl«irrf««wpoo, Ptol. vii. 1. § 6, ▼iii. 26. § 15), a town of some importance in India intra Gangem, in the district called Ariaca. It was situated on or near the Nalu^^na, and appears from another passage of Ptolemy to have been the seat of the palace of a king, whom he calls Baleocarus (vii. I. § 83). It has been conjectured by Forbiger that it is the same as the modem Jlydrabad^ and, with less probability by Ritter, that it is represented by Bangalore (r. p. 437). [V.] HIPPO DIA'RRHYTUS or ZARITUS ( ImrAr Lla^vroty Ptol. iv. 3. § 6; H. Zaritas, lUn. ArU. p. 21, V.IL H. Zarrhytus; Ippons Diaritus, Tab. PetU. ; and simply "Iinrov v^^it, Scyl. p. 30 : Benizert or Bizerta), a Tyrian colony in Zeugitana, close to the extreme N. headland of Africa [Candidum Pr.], 36 M. P. W. of Utica, and 126 M. P. E. of Hippo Regius. It stood on W. side of the entrance of a large lake which communicated with the sea, and which receired the waters of another lake: the former was called Hipposirns Palub ('Irvoririi A(^tu^), and the latter Sisara (Sftrafw). Its situation exposed it to frequent inundations, whence, as the Greeks said, the epithet Zidf^vros, But it seems more probable that this is the remnant of some Phoenician title: the ancient writers were by no means agreed on the trae form oS the name, ws is seen above, and of this uncertainty we have a further proof in the expression of Pliny, who is apparently attempting an etymology: " oppidum quod Hipponem dirutmn vocant, Diarrhytum a Graecis dictum." (Plin. ▼. 4. s. 3.) Polybins and Appian give the forms *lwiraKptTW w6ts (Polyb. i. 82), and *hnrd- yprra (Appian, viii. 110). The city was fortified and provided with a new harbour by Agathocles (Appian, Lc): imder the Romans it was a free city (Plin.); and it seems to have been raised to the rank of a colony, for the younger Pliny calls it Hipponensis colonia. (Epist, ix. 33; comp. Strab. xvii. p. 832; Mela, i. 7. § 2; Plin. ix. 8; Barth, WanderungeH^ fc, pp. 202, 211). [P.S.] HIPPO REGIUS ('Ixir^v BMriiK6s: Ru. S. of -BonoA), a maritime city of Numidia, which received its surname from its being a retddence of the Numi- dian kings, but is of higher fame as the see of St. Augustine. It was a colony of Tyre, and stood 5 M. P. NW. of the river Ubus, on the W. side of a large bay to which it gave its name (Hipponemsis Sinus: GulfofBonah% as well as to the promontory ab«ive it, fonning the W. headland of the bay (HiPPi Prom., "linrov &Kpa : Bat el Hamrah). It grew into greater importance under the Romans, by whom it was made a colony; and it continued to be one of the most flourishing cities of N. Africa, till /^^:^ it was destroyed by the Vandals in ^.(. 430. It was during the progress of this siege that the great Hlt^PONnilL Augustine died. (SaltJa^L 19; Hiit. BefiL Jfr.9$; Strab. xvil p. 832: Mela, i. 7; Plm. r. 3. a. S: Ata. Ant p. 20; Tab. Pent.; Diod. u. 57; SO. ItaL L 3, iiL 259; Shaw, Travelg m Barbary, pi 44; Barth, Wamdo'wugen, ^ p. 70). [P. a] HI'PPOLA (^IniKoti Elk. 'IvToXorrcs), a town of fjimma, a littk of the promontory of Taenamm, in miiiB in the of Pausanias. It contained a temple of Hippolaitia. It stood either at K^mia, vlndi is apparently a oevraption of the andent name, ar at the ruins called icaarpm ^t Apaias oo the faigheit point of the peninsula of Kuto Grono. (Leak^ MorecL, t<^ L p. 287, Pefo^o—f ■inon, p. 173; BobUye, Rechereket, ^ p. 91; Cnrtiai, Pekpom-^ neao9, vol. ii. p. 282.) HIPPONENSIS SINUS. [Hnro Reoicb]. HIPPONIA'TES SINUS ('IwYwrtor^ miicns. Strab. vi. pp. 255, 261 ; Ptd. iii. I. § 9), a gulf <r bay on the W. idde of the Bmttian peninanh. ss called from the dty of Hipponinm, near its wwillt f fH extremity. It was however known aboiijvarioiisothB' names: thus Thucydides calls it the Terinaeaa Golf (T^pcyacbf ir^Avos, Thnc. vi. 104), aad Pliny ako names it the Snrus Terdcakus, thoogh be men- tions also, as if it were a differtnt bay (which if certainly a mistake), the Sikus ViBoarEXsa (Pia. iii. 5. s. 10). The latter name is used also fcy Cicero {ad AtL xvi. 6). But besides these, we fiaJ that it was called the Survs NAFEmcirs or NArr- T1NU8 by Antiochus of Syracuse (np. Stiah. ri. p. 255; Dionys. i. 35), and Laxbtinus by Ari- stotle {PoL viL 10). The Uuit name was endently derived from a town named Lametinin or TiMnrtiBi, situated at the mouth of the river Lametos (la- malo), which flows into the gulf in questian [La- MiETUs] : and the name of Kapetinna woold sem to point in like manner to the existence of a to«a called Napetium, though we have no oClier anthoricy for this fact The gulf itself, which is now known as the Gulfo di Sta, EufenUa, from a village of that name, deeply indents the coast of Bruttinm on the W., as the Golfo di Sgmillace, or Scylleticus Sinai, does on the £. : the neck of land between tfacni is compoeed only of low hills of tertiary strata, prasoit- ing a striking contrast to the lofty masses of the Apennines, which rise abraptly on the N. and S. d this isthmus. [Bruttii.] The northern limit of the Gulf of Sta. Eufemia is formed bj the point called Capo SuverOy probably the promootoiy called by Lycophnm Lampetes [Clampetia] : and its southern by the bold projecting headland now ca&d Capo Vatieano; but there is no authority for sup- posing this name to be andent. [£. H. B.] HIPPONITIS PALUS. [Hippo DiARRHTTca.] HIPPO^NIUM ('Ivir<iyior: Etk. 'Irwm^r^, Steph. B. : but on cdns, 'Irrvric^v, Hipponiates), or HIPPO (Mel., Plin.), called by the Romans VIBO, or VIBO VALENTIA {OOM^ ObaXfwrta, PioL: Eth, Vibonensb: Bivona)j an important (jrieek city on the west coast of Bruttium, <m the shores of the bay to which it gave the name of Sinus Hipponiates, now the Gulf of St. Ettxemia. It was undoubtedly of Greek origin, and we are told by Strabo that it was a colony from the Italian Locri, on the oppoeste side of the Brottian peninsula. (Strab. vi p. 256 ; Scymn. Ch. 308 ; Scyl. p. 4. § 12.) No mention of it is found in history, though it seems to have been a considerable town, till b. c. 889, when it was takes by Dionysins of Syracuse, who destruyed the dty, removed the inhabitants to Syracuse, ami gave op