Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 2.djvu/328

 HIMEBA. Hat this anrnngement was never actually carried into eflfect. Ptolemy correctly places the moath of the aoathem Himera to the £. of the emporinm of Agrigentam (PtoL iii. 4. § 7) : he ^is the only one of the geographers who mentions both rivers of the name. An inscription recorded by Torremnzza, containing a dedication ASKAHnm KAI IMEFA nOTAMO, most, from its being found at CaUanuettay refer to the soutberu Himera. (Gastell Inter. SiciL p. 4 ; Boeckh. C. /. no. 5747.) 2. The northern Himera, a much less considerable stream than the preceding, is unifonnly described ma flowing by the city to which it gave its name CPUn. iii. 8. s. 14 ; Steph. B. «. v.'Aicpdyas ; Vib. Seqnest. p. 11); and Pindar speaks of the great victory of Gelon (which we know to have been fought in the immediate vicinity of the ci^) as fiFaioed '* upon the banks of the fair waters of the Himera** (Py<4.i. 153). Hence its identification is necessarily connected with the determination of the site of that dty, a question still the subject of dispute. Cluverius, and those who have followed him in placing Himera itself in the immediate neighbour* hood d[ Termini^ and on the left bonk of the river which flows by that town, have, in consequence, as- snmed the stream just mentioned (now called the Fitime tU T ermini ^ or, in the upper part of its course, the FmnM S. LUmar€lo) to be the ancient Himera. FsxellO) on the contrary, identifies the latter with the river now called the Fiume Grande^ which rises in the Madtmia mountains near Poliedj and flows into the sea about 8 miles £. of TennmL The arguments in &vour of the Utt^r view are certainly Tery strong. 1. Strabo, in giving the distances akng the N. coast of Sicily, leckons 18 miles from Cephaloedium {Cefaiu) to the mouth of the Himera, and 85 from thence to PsJUMinus. The first difr- tanoe is overstated, the true distance to the mouth of the F, Grande being only 15 miles ; the latter just about right if we follow the windings of the coast: whereas, if we place the Himera beyond TemUnij both distances are equally wrong. 2. Ftokmy distinctly places the mouth of the river Himera between Thermae (Termmt) and Cepha- loedium, and, therefore, to the east of the former city. (PtoL iii. 4. § 3.) This is assumed by Clu- Venus to be a mistake of Ptolemy, and it must be admitted that many such mistakes occur in that authoi's description of Sicily ,* but still there is no occasion to multiply them tinnecefsart'/^. Lastly, if the northern Himera be recc^ised in the Fhtme Gramkf — the sources of which near Polizzi are in the very same group of mountains with, and a very short distance from, those of the Fiwne di Petralia^ one branch of the totUhem Himera, — the notion of these being one and the same river becomes in some degree intelligible ; while it is difficult to conceive how such a notion should have arisen, if the head waters of the two were separated by an interval of many miles. The other arguments coimected with the site of the city^ are considered in that article. Theocritus more than once alludes to the river Himera as a celebrated Sicilian stream ; but in such general terms as to afibrd no indication which of the two rivers he means; the Scholiast, however, under* stands him to refer to the northern Himera. (Theocr. V. 124, vil. 75 ; Schol. ad, he.) [£. H. B.] HIXNOM. [Jerusalem.] HI'PPANA C'^mrdya, Pol.), a town of Sicily, mentioned by Polybius as being taken by assault Igr the Buuiana in the First Punic War, b. c. 260. HIPPEMOLOI. 106d ^i (Pol. i. 24.) Diodorua, in relating the evvents of the same campaign, mentions the capture of a town, called Sittana, for which we should in all proba% bility read Hippana. (Oiod. zziii. 9. Ezc. Hoesch.. p. 503 ; Weeseling, ad 2pe.; Cluver. Sieil p. 392.) The correctness <^ the name found in Polybius is confirmed by Stephanus of Byzantium («. v.), who, however, writes it "iwot^o, but cites Polybius 9a his authority. No other author mentions the pbice, which appears to have been situated in the neigh-» bonrhood of Panormus, but of which nothing further is known. According to Sillig's recent edition of Pliny, it appears that some of the best MSS. give the name of " Ipaaenses" in that author's list of Sicilian towns (iii. 8. a. 14. § 91 X where the dder editions have " Ichanenses." If this reading be adopted, it in all probability refers to the same place as the Hippana of Polybius : but as the read- ing luhanenses b also supported by the authority of Stephantis (who notices Ichana as a town of Sicily), the point must be considered doubtfuL [£. H. B.] HI'PPAKIS Clmrapij), a small river of Sicily, flowing by the city of Camarina, whence it is now called the Fiume di Camarana. It is mentioned by Pindar in connection with that city (Pind. OL V. 27), from its proximity to which it derives its celebrity. [Camabima.] Though but a small stream, and having a courte of only 12 miles, it has a copious and perennial supply of clear water, a rare circumstance in Sicily: hence the ezpresaioQ of Silius Italicna, ** pauperis alvei Hipparis,'* is sin- guUrly inappUcable. (Sil. ItaL xiv. 230; Vib. Sequest p. 12; Schol. ad Find. L c; l^nnua. Ditmya. ziii. 317.) It is evidently the same river of which the name is erroneously written in Ptolemy, Hipporus. ClTwaipof, PtoL iiL 4. § 7.) The tutelary divinity of the stream is represented on some of the coins of Camarina, accompanied by his name, IXIIIA-. FIX (Eckhel, vol. i. p. 1 99.) [£. H. B.l HIPPA'SII (^Iwrdffuny Strab. xv. p. 698)," an Indian tribe who occupied the district between the Cophes and the Indus along the southern spurs of the Paropamisus. There seems good reason for sup- posing that they are one and the same tribe as the Aspaaii or Aspii mentioned by An-ian (^Andb, iv. 23 — 25). The name is derived from the Sanscrit Aspa or Aswa, " a horse," and is probably intended as a Greek transhtion of it. Lassen has conjectured that they are the same as the Aswasilas of ancient Hindoo geography. The name is variously written PasU and Hypatii, (Wilson, ^ruina, p. 187 : Gros« kurd's Straho, vol. iii. p. 1 19.) [V.] HIPPEMOLGI Clwmi/wXToO. " mare-milkers," a general name applied by the Greeks to the nomad tribes who moved about with their tents and herds over the steppes of Northern Europe and Asia. Thus Zeus, in the Iliad (xiii. 4), when he turns away his eye from Troy towards Thrace, sees, be-, sides the Thracians and Mysians, other tribes, whose names cannot be made out; but are known as milk- eaters, and mare-milkera. The same characteristic attributes appear in Hesiod (Fr. 63 — 64, cd. Markt- scheffel), connected with the Scythians. (Comp. Strab. vii. pp. 300—302; Niebohr, Kleine-Schri/t, vol. i. p. 365; Schafarik, Slav.AU. voL i. p. 272.) The mares* milk was made into cheese (Uippocrat. vol. i. p. 556, ed. KUhn), and, as Mr. Grote {Jlut. of Greece, vol. iii. p. 323) remarks, probably served the same purpose of procuring the intoxicating drink called kumuSj as at present among the BuMh- klns and the Kalmucks. [E. B. J.j ^C- y"^ *'* > ' • t / 6i. .r»' /