Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 2.djvu/293

1034 ancient date, and is stated to have been a distin- gninhed city when Alexander marched through Par- this (Curtios, vi. 2; cf. Diod. xviL c 75), though it is clear that it was not, as Cnrtios states, founded by the Greeks. Polybius affirms that it derived its name from its position in a locality where many roads met (x. 2528 [sic]). Appian asserts that Hecatom- pylos, in common with many other cities in Asia, derived its Greek name from Sdeucus. (Syr. c 57.) In the second century, when Isidorus of Charax wrote bis Itinerary, Hecatompylos had appa- rently ceased to exist, or perhaps, as Manuert (v. 2. p. 76) has conjectared, had given up its Greek name. Isidore oUls Sauloe the chief place of Par- thia in his day ; hence Mannert has suggested, though we think without much reason, that this was the native form of the Greek Hecatompylos. [V.]

HECATO'MPYLOS AFRICAE. [Capsa.]

HECATONNE'SI (: Musconisi), a group of islands in the bay of Adramyttium, between Lesbos and the mainlani. Their name, apparently from tKceroiff a hundred, seems only in a general way to allude to the great number of islands, which is stated by some to have been twenty, and by others forty. (Diod. Sic. xiii.77; Steph. B. ».».) Ac- cording to Strabo (xiii. p. 618), however, the name Hecatonnesi signified "the islands of Apollo," from his surname, "the far-darter." [L. S.]

HEDUI. [Aedui.]

HEDY'LIUM. [Bokotia, p. 412, a.]

HEDYPHON (, Strab. xvi. p. 744), a river of Susiana, which flowed into the Eulaeus, on which stood a town called Seleuceia. It is pro- bably that now called the Djerrahi Pliny (vi. 27. 8. 31) speaks of a river which he calls the Hedyp- nus, and which is most likely the same as the Hedyphon. [V.]

HELCE'BUS (, or ). Ptolemy (ii.9. § 18) mentions Eloebus as one of the two towns of the Tribood on the Rhine : the other is Brooomagus [Brocomagus], which he places north of Elcebus. The Antonine Itinerary has Helvetum, on the road from Augusta Raurncorum (Augst) to Moguntiacum (Maim) ; and it places Uelvetum between Augst And Argentoratum (Strasbourg), and 18 M. P. short of Strasburg. The Table places Helellum 18 M. P. from Strausburg and Brocomagus north of Argento- ratum, which is consistent with Ptolemy's position of Elcebus and Brooomagus; but Ptolemy has in- correctly placed Argentoratum in the country of the Vangiones instead of the Tribocci. Helcebus, Hel- vetum, Helellum, seem to be Ell, a small place on the right bank of the river III, opposite to Bnnfeld. It is said that Roman remains have been found there. [G.L.]

HELELLUM. [Helcebus.]

HE'LENA ( : Eth,, , : Mekronisi), a long narrow inland, extend- ing along the eastern coast of Attica from Thoricus to Sunium, and distant from two to four miles from the shore. It was also called Macris, from its length. (Steph. B. s. v. ) Strabo (ix. p. 399) describes it as 60 stadia in length ; but its real length is seven geographical miles. It was uninhabited in antiquity, as it is at the present day; and it was probably only used then, as it is now, for the pasture of cattle. Both Strabo and Pausanias derive its name from Helena, the wife of Menelaus : the latter writer supposes that it was so called because Helena landed here after the capture of Troy; but Strabo identifies it with the Homeric Cranae, to which Paris fled with Helena (Il. iii 445), and supposes that its name was hence changed into Helena. There cannot, however, be any doubt that the Homeric Cranae was opposite Gythium in Laconia. [Cranae.] (Strab. ix. p. 399, x. p. 485; Paus. i. 35. § I, viii. 14. § 12 ; Steph. B. s.v. 9.; Meis, ii. 7; Plin. iv. 12. s. 20; Leake, Denni of Atticus p. 66; Brondsted, Voyage, vol. L p 77; Boss, Reises auf den Grieek. Inslen, vol. ii. p. 8.)

HELENA. [Illiberris.]

HELGAS [Germanicopolis.]

HELIADAE, a people said to have succeeded the Telchines as inhabitants of the island of Rhodes, and to have been produced from the earth by the agency of the solar heat, whence their name, from (Strab. xiv. p. 654.) They are fur- ther said to have been skilled in all the arts, espe- cially in astronomy, to have advanced navigation, and to have divided the year into days and hours. (Diod. Sic V. 57.) In consequence of the Heliadae the whole island of Rhodes was sacred to the sun, who favoured it so much that not a day passed in the whole course of a year during which the island was not warmed by his rays. (Plin. ii. 62; comp. Rhodus.) [L. S.]

HE'LICE ( Steph. s. v.;, Strab.viii. p. 385), a town in Achaia and one of the 12 Achaean cities, was situated on the coast between the rivers Selinus and Cerynites, and 40 stadia E. of Aegiuro. It seems to have been the must ancient of all the cities in Achaia. Its foun- dation is ascribed to Ion, who is said to have made it his residence, and to have called it after his wife Helice, the daughter of Selinus. It posseseed a cele- brated temple of Poseidon, who was hence called Heliconius; and here the lonians were accustomed to hold those periodical meetings which were con- tinued in Asia Minor under the name of Panionis After the conquest of the country by the Acharaeus, the latter likewise made Helice the place of meeting of their League, and it continued to be their capital till the destruction of the city by an earthquake in  373, two years before the battle of Leoctra. This earthquake happened in the night. The city and a space of 12 stadia below it sank into the earth, and were covered over by the sea. All the inha- bitants perished, and not a vestige of Helice re- mained, except a few fragments projecting from the sea. Its territory was taken possession of by Aegium. The neighbouring city of Bura was destroyed by the same earthquake. The catastrophe was attributed to the vengeance of Poseidon, whose wrath was ex- cited because the inhabitants of Helice had refused to give their statue of Poseidon to the Ionian colo- nists in Asia, or even to supply them with a model According to some authorities, the inhabitants of Helice and Bura had even murdered the Ionian deputies. (Horn. Il. ii. 575, viii. 203, xx. 40i; Herod, i. 145, 148 ; Pans. vii. I. § 3, vii 24. 25; Strab. viii. pp. 384, seq.,387 ; Diod. xv. 48; Ov. Met XV. 293; Plin. Il 94, iv. 6; Steph. B. s. v.)

"On the 23rd of August, 1817, the same spot was again the scope of a similar disaster. The earthquake was preceded by a sudden explosion, which was compared to that of a battery of cannon. The shock which immediately succeeded was said to have lasted a minute and a half, during which the sea rose at the month of the Selinus, and extended so far as to inundate all the level immediately below Vostitza (the ancient Aegium). After its retreat not a trace was left of some magazines which had stood on the shore, and the sand which had covered