Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 2.djvu/286

 HALICABHASSUS. (AcTiu, AnaL L 33 ; VilruT. iL 8 ; Uni. irii. 13, full.). *i>d noBTsd ila unu {nn Uw well Silmtcu, vhicb giub«dferthHrftt«nidcof AphndiKlttba Gmt of Ihg rock, and Um mttr of wfaicli »u Misled touociM ucMmtii^ infliKnet (Or. JfM. It. SOS). But Stnbo jiutlT coatroTata this iMUef, intuMtJag ndor of Um cUirat* miut mtlMC ba conadcrad lo htm pindacad tba sSkM ucrilwd to ttw Sklmuia. Auotlwr nrz tu formerlj btUered to hiTs btcn ID the inlud of JrODimenu in fimt of the gmt burtioar, wbich a now called Orak Ada ; but tfaii belief wu fbwided opon ui Inconvct mdiog ia ArrUn. (Slnb. I. cj Arriui, Anab. L S3; Ha- nultm, Rfaardia, it p. 34.) Beudu the gmt, bwbnir, the untiuo to which wu nimwed bj fiaa CO wch eide, then wu a imillei otu to tha eoDlh- out of it UaliounuiDi, u ilfwl j nmiirked, orU giull; belonged to the Dwic heu[ioli9! but in cat. ■eqneDceofaODiediepute which bed uriseii, it wuei- cludedframlliBOonfeilenej. (Herod. LIU,) Daring the Feniu coDqaeeU itwu, likr all the othei Qraek towns, oompelled lo sobinit to Persia, but doei ml apiNW to hare been leae proepenmi, or to have hut it* Greek character. While the dij wu mider the dominion of the Patdana, Ljgdamia >et himself up •a tjrant, and his deaceiuianti, u rusali oS the king* of Fereia, gradiiallj acqoirad the domiQifQi of ■11 Caiia. Artmuiia, the widow of LfffdatrUB, fougbt at Sahunie in the Beet of Xmea. The mot cela- bnled among their ■oocewni are Hausolna and hia wife and sieUr Artemiida, who, on the dnth ai Uao- ■uliu, erected in hia hoDOor a wpulchral monument o( end) magnifiotnce that it wu regarded u one cf the una woodere of the incient wld. Thie Cariao djnaet7, thotigh eubjsct to Perei*, bad tliein»lTea adopted Greek mannen and the Gieek lanjtnage, and had a taela for the arte of tireece. But nolwiih- ■tanding Ibia, Halicamasiua waa faithful to Persia, and wu one of the gnat ■IronKholda of the Pervana oa that neat, and a chief Dtalion of the Pariian fbrcea. This, and the guUaiit defcn<e with which HAtlCTAE. lOIT Ibe Halicanaatiana defoided thanadTei againat Alexander, induced that couqueiw, alter a protracted li^e, to deatiDjr tfaa dtf if Gra. He was, howeTcr, loabla to take tb« acropidia s.lTn«.-i., in which Iha nbahitanla bad taken refnga. (Stntb. and Arriaa. Lc; Diod. Sitivii. 23, frtl.; Cnrtina, iL 9, foil.) Frafn this blow Halicamassoa never recovered, thongU iwu wu rebuilt. (Cic ad iidiU. Frat. t. 1.) ^ time of Tiberius it do longer boasted of ita giealneia, but of ita aafetf and freedom fnim earth- quakes. (Tac Am. it. SS.) AftarwMda the town rcelj menticned at all, although Ilia Uansateum lued lo eojoj its fenner renown. (Conat Potpb. da Tkem. L M; see the deacriptiona cf it in Flin. . 9. M)d Vilnir. iL 8.) The ooone of the an. eiant walls am still be distiiietl; traced, and ramuna of the Manaoleuin, aituatsd ao the slope of the rack — . of Salmacia, and of the an,u wall utha aping nacU, atHI eiiat (Hamiltoo'e StteanJitt, ii. pp. 34, foil.) Among the numereua tempies rf Halicar. issns, one of Aphrodite was particnlarlr beauliful. Diod.; VitrnT. L c.) To ua the dtj is eepeciallj itereating u the biitiiplBce 4^ two hiatniana, Uan^ otus and DioQJ'uas. Soma interning scnlptnres, broU}{ht fnan Boadrotim, and euppooad to have origi- tailj deccnted the Uaosolenm, an now in the British "'useom. (Roaa, Jituat mfiea Gritck. Intdit, toL, pp. 30, foil., from ithjch tha accanpanjing plan taken.) [L. S.] HAXICE. [Halibii ^ HALICYAE ('AAwuw : EA. 'AAMsowr, HaK- cjensia : Saltmi), a dtj in tha weat of Sicilj, about midwBj belweeD the two eeaa, and 10 miles 8. of Segesta. Slepbuina of Djiantium coired); desctiba it as eitualed between Eniella and Liljbaenm. (Steph. B. ». ».) Ila name freqaenllj oocuii in history, and generally in connection with the adjacent cities of Entella and Segesia, bat we have no acconnt of ita origin ; it was probably a Sicanian town, and fol- lowed the fortnnea of its more powerftil neighbonra. Hence, when it Gnt appears in bister;* we find it subject to, or at least dependent on. Carthage, the power of which wu at that time ptdominant in tha W. of Sicily. In b. a. 397, wben the great eips- ditim of Dionytina cauaed tha greater part of the Carthaginian alliea and subjects to rvvolt, Balicyaa waa one of the five cities which remained Aulhful to tliem, on which acconnt its lerrilorj was ravaged by IWonytina. (Diod. »ii. 48.) But the next year the Halicyana were so alarmed at his pn^reet that they conclnded a treaty of alliancs with him, which, Imw- ever, Ihey soaa broke OD the appeannce of Kimiico in Scily at the bead of a large army, and rejoined the Carthaginian alliance. (Id. xt. 34, 5S.) They are not again mentioned till B. c. ETG, during ihs expedition of Pyrrhua to Sidty, when they fbllowed tbe example of the Stlinuntines and Segeatana, and • The name of the 'AAinniaLH is first found in Thncydidea (vii. 32) at the tune of tha Athenian expedition in Sicily ; but is gensrally conudered coTTDpt: it Is certainly diSciilt to ccoetdva that Ualicyaa ii really Ihs [Jan lhai« meant 3U 1