Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 2.djvu/236

 GAK6ARIUS LOCUS. Assns. In the earliest times it is mid to have been inhabited bj Lele^^es, bnt afterwards to have received Aeolian coloniiits frjm Assns, and others from Miletn- rlis. (Strab. iL c. pp. 606, 6 1 ; Mela, L 1 8 ; Ptol. v. 2. 5.) The name of this town is in some authors misspelt *ldfryapo9f as in Ptolemy, and Xde/apa^ as in Uierocles. The territory round Gargara was cele> ^) brated for its fertility. (Virg. Georg, i. 103; Senec. Phom. iv. 608.) The modem village of Im probably oocnpies the site of ancient Gai^g:ara.«r* [L. S.] GAROA'RIUS LOCUS, a place In Gallia Nar* bonensis, known only from an iiiscriptiim of the time of Hadrian. D'Anville {Nolice, ifv.) received an exact copy of it from Barth^emy. This inscription records the " Pagani pagi Lacreti qni sunt finibus Arelatensinm loco Gargario " The place, which is still called Garguietj is at the foot of a mountain called St. Pilon; ^ and the pkin which extends from the foot of this mountain as far as Avbagnej in the direction of MarteUU^ is called Lacrau^ and this may be the Pagns Lucretns of the inscription" (D'AnvUle), [G. L.] GARGETTUS. [Attica, p. 327.] GAKI (Tdpiy Isid. Char, ap, Hudt. voL iL pi 9), a small place in Ariana, mobt likely represented now by Ghorey to the east of Ferrah. Perhaps it is the same as Gkiraney which lies to the N£. from Ferrah, Mannert (v. 2. s. 61) has supposed that it is the same as Greiskk to the NE. of Bost^ on the JClufendy which, however, is more likely to be the Chat- risache or Chatrische of Ptolemy (vi. 1 7. s. 5). [V.] GARINAEI {raptweuot and rofnyiwibi), mentioned hy Ptolemy (vi. 16. § 5) as a population of the country of the Seres. [Sbres.] [R. G. L.] GARITES, a people of Aquitania (Caes. £, G. iii. 27), who submitted to P. Crassus, b. o 66. They are mentioned by Caesar between the Elusates and Ausci, and the position of both of these peoples is known within certain limits. [Elusates, Ausci.] Some writers would connect the name Garites with the name (7crf, a branch of the Ga- rorme. But the reading Garites is not certain in Caesar*s text. Schneider (ed. Caes. Beil. Gall.) has taken the reading Gates. [G. L.] GAltlUS iTdptos), a place on the coast of Paphlagonia, 80 stadia to the east of Callistratia. (ALircian Ueracl. Peripl. p. 72; Anonvm. PeripL Pont Evx.) ' [L. S.] GARIZIM. [Gerizim.] GAROCELI or GRAIOCELI, an Alpine people, who with the Centrones and Caturiges attacked Caesar (b. c. 58) in his march from Ooelum, the most western place in Gallia Cisalfnna, over the Alps into the country of the Vocontii. {B. G. L 10.) The reading Graioccli is said to have the best an* thority for it. (Schneider, ed. Caes. B. G. i. 10.) These people are mentioned by no other writei^ but, as we know where the Centrones and Caturiges lived, we may suppose that the Garoceli were near them. D*Anrilie, as he often does, determines their position aimply by the aid of a name. The resemblance be- t%veen the names Ocelum and Garoceli, he says, fixes the place of the Garoceli in the valley of Pro- geUta and of Cltuon^ and consequently in Gallia Cis- alpina. But it is clear that Caesar means that they were an Alpine people, whom he met after leaving Ocelum. Walckenaer has a conjecture about them which is ingenious; and it may also be true. He says that they occupied the Maurienne and the valley which is contiguous to the Mauri- etme, to the east of Afont CenU, the Vol di Vikf you I. GABUMXA. 977 which contains a place called Usseglio and a canton of the same name. And be adds, what is more to the purpose, that in an ancient document, St. Jean de Maurienne is called Johannes Garocellius. He has other ailments alsa (^Geog.j (fc. des Gaiuleij vol. i. p. 642.) [G. L.] GARRHUENUS, a river in Britain, mentioned by Ptolemy, zssthe Yare (or ror-mouth River) both in respect to name and place. [R.G. L.] GARRIANNONUM, in Britain, menUoned in the Notitia as a station under the Cotne$ Littorit Sax- onici for the EquUea StablestamssBurgh Castle in Norfolk, where Roman remains are found. [R. G. L.] GARSAURA (Tapadovpa), a small town in Cap- padocia from which the praefectura Gartauria or Garttturitia derived its name. (Strab. xiv. p. 663; comp. xii. 534, and 568, where, perhaps Tapaaovpmtf is to be read for Kramer's Tapc9/S6^v Plin. vi. 3; Ptol. V. 6. § 14.) [L. S.] GARSAURITIS. [Garsaura.I GARUMNA (& Tapovwas, Tapvyas: Garonne), Tibnllus (i. 7, 11) calls this river '* Magnus Ga^ rumna: " but Ausmiins (^MouUa^ v. 483) makes the name feminine (aequoreae . . . Garamnae). The forms Garumna, Garonna, and Garunda occur; the kst in H letter of Symmachos to Ansonius, and it is per- haps the origin of the name Gironde. The Garonne, the most southern of the three great rivers of France which flow into the Atlantic, rises in the Pyrenees, witnin the present kingdtnn of Spain. The river has a north and NNE. course to Tolosa {Touloaee), from which town it has a general NNW. course to BurdigaU {Bordeaux), Below Bordeaux it fonns a large aestuary, which Strabo (p. 190) calls a sea- lake (Xf/uvo^^cUcurcra). The navigation of the Upper Garonne as far down as the junction of the Tamis (7im) below Toulouse is much im{ieded. At Bordeaux it is a fine tide river, and the tide ascends 20 miles above Bor- deaux, This river has several large brunches: on the right bank, the Arriege, the Tam^ the Lot (Oltis), and the Dordogne (Duranius), which flows into the aestuary; on the left bank, the GerSj the Bayse^ and some others. The length of the Garonne is said to be about 360 miles, and the Dordogne is near 300 miles long. In fact, the Dordogne and Garonsie are two distinct rivers which flow into one aestuary, now called the Gironde, The basin of the Garonne is much less than that of the Loire, but larger than the basin of the Seine. It is a coun- try which lies within well-defined limits, the Pyre- nees, the CevenneSj the mountains of the Autfergne, and the Ocean. Part of the basin of the Garonne was the Aquitania of Caesar, who makes the Ga- rumna the boundary between the Aqnitani and the Celtae {B. G. i. I). Strabo (p. 190) and Sfcla (iii. 2) de!<cribe the Garumna as rising in the Pyrenees. Strabo mrfkes the Garumna flow parallel to the Pyrenees, and the navigable part of it he says is 2000 stadia: it is incr^sed by three streams, and then enters the sea between the Santones and the Bituriges losci [Bi- TURiORs], both Celtic nations. He speaks of the mouths oif the river (al MoXat) as forming the aestuary: he probably means the proper Garonne and the Dordogne. Mela's description is much more complete: he describes the upper part of tho river as shallow for a great distance and scarcely na • vigable, except when it is swollen by wintry rains or melted snow; as it approaches the ocean tides it k fuller, and becomes wider as it proceeds; at last it 3R